Epigenome editing and epigenetic gene regulation in disease phenotypes.
Epigenome editing and epigenetic gene regulation in disease phenotypes.
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疾病表型中的表观基因组编辑和表观遗传基因调节。
DOI：
10.1007/s11814-022-1076-5
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lim, Bomyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin, Gaochen;Lim, Bomyi
跨空间和时间的适当基因控制对于各种细胞功能的无缝执行至关重要。全基因组研究的快速进展表明，除了基因突变外，表观遗传修饰在细胞过程和疾病发展中也起着重要作用。表观遗传修饰，包括DNA甲基化和通过甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化等对组蛋白的翻译后修饰，不会改变DNA序列。然而，表观基因组的破坏仍然可以诱导基因功能障碍、异常细胞分化、增殖和凋亡，导致各种疾病，如癌症、神经障碍和自身免疫性疾病。本文综述了表观遗传修饰与疾病表型之间的关系，目前干扰表观基因组和分析基因表达变化的技术，以及对未来表观遗传研究的展望。
Proper gene control across space and time is crucial for the seamless execution of various cellular functions. Rapid advancements in genome-wide studies revealed that in addition to genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications also play an important role in cellular processes and disease development. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and post-translational modifications on histones via methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, etc., do not alter DNA sequences. Yet, disruptions of the epigenome can still induce gene malfunction, aberrant cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, resulting in various diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, and autoimmune diseases. This review describes the association between epigenetic modifications and disease phenotypes, current techniques to perturb epigenome and analyze changes in gene expression, and perspectives on future epigenetic research.