Benchmarking alcohol policy based on stringency and impact: The International Alcohol Control (IAC) policy index.
Benchmarking alcohol policy based on stringency and impact: The International Alcohol Control (IAC) policy index.
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基于严格和影响的酒精政策：国际酒精控制（IAC）政策指数。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000109
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发表时间：
2022
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这项研究开发了一个衡量工具，以评估严格性和“实地”的影响，四个关键的酒精政策领域，以创建一个酒精政策指数，适合基准酒精政策和评估随着时间的推移在中等和高收入国家的变化。它涉及12个不同国家的研究人员之间的合作：新西兰;澳大利亚;英格兰;苏格兰;荷兰;越南;泰国;南非;土耳其;智利;圣基茨和尼维斯和蒙古。四个最有效的酒精政策领域（可用性，定价政策，酒精营销，酒后驾驶）的数据被用来创建一个酒精政策指数的基础上与酒精人均消费量（APC）的商业（记录）酒精。一项创新是在立法或条例的严格程度之外，还沿着了影响措施。由此产生的国际酒精控制政策指数显示，与记录的酒精控制指数呈非常高的负相关（-0.91）。更大的酒精负担能力，考虑到支付的价格和国家的国内生产总值的影响措施，是预测更高的APC（-0.80）。在法律允许和使用更多酒类销售模式的国家，APC较高。立法的出口密度和酒后驾驶预测APC，而交易时间没有。虽然严格性和影响的措施与APC的关系不同的领域，总体而言，有很强的相关性和严格性（0.77）的影响。国际酒精理事会的政策指数，其中包括措施的政策严格性和“实地”的影响，在四个关键的政策领域，被认为是密切相关的商业酒精消费在一些不同的国家设置。它显示了比以往指数更大的关系，包括更多的政策层面。该指数提供了一个相对简单的工具，用于制定基准和与政策制定者沟通，以鼓励重点关注这四项最有效的酒精政策。
This study developed a measurement tool to assess stringency and ‘on-the-ground’ impact of four key alcohol policy domains to create an alcohol policy index suitable for benchmarking alcohol policy and assessing change over time in middle- and high-income countries. It involved a collaboration between researchers in 12 diverse countries: New Zealand; Australia; England; Scotland; Netherlands; Vietnam; Thailand; South Africa; Turkey; Chile; Saint Kitts and Nevis and Mongolia. Data on the four most effective alcohol policy domains (availability, pricing policy, alcohol marketing, drink driving) were used to create an alcohol policy index based on their association with alcohol per capita consumption (APC) of commercial (recorded) alcohol. An innovation was the inclusion of measures of impact along with the stringency of the legislation or regulation. The resulting International Alcohol Control (IAC) Policy Index showed a very high negative correlation (-0.91) with recorded APC. Greater affordability of alcohol, an impact measure taking into account prices paid and countries’ Gross Domestic Product, was predictive of higher APC (-0.80). Countries in which more modes of alcohol marketing are legally allowed and used had higher APC. Legislation on outlet density and drink driving predicted APC whereas trading hours did not. While stringency and impact measures varied between domains in terms of relationship with APC, overall, there was a strong correlation between impact and stringency (0.77). The IAC Policy Index, which includes measures of policy stringency and ‘on-the-ground’ impacts in relation to four key policy areas, was found to be strongly associated with commercial alcohol consumed in a number of diverse country settings. It showed a larger relationship than previous indices that include more policy dimensions. The index provides a relatively simple tool for benchmarking and communication with policy makers to encourage a strong focus on uptake of these four most effective alcohol policies.