Endothelial glycocalyx as a critical signalling platform integrating the extracellular haemodynamic forces and chemical signalling.

Endothelial glycocalyx as a critical signalling platform integrating the extracellular haemodynamic forces and chemical signalling.
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内皮糖萼作为整合细胞外血流动力学和化学信号传导的关键信号传导平台

DOI:
10.1111/jcmm.13081
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发表时间:
2017-08
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Zeng Y
Zeng Y
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zeng Y

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糖萼覆盖人类哺乳动物细胞,在中风、炎症和动脉粥样硬化中发挥重要作用。它还被证明参与剪切应力的内皮机械传导。剪切应力诱导糖萼主要成分的重塑,包括磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-1(一种细胞膜硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖)。其他因素,如 1-磷酸鞘氨醇 (S1P),可保护糖萼免受多配体聚糖-1 胞外域脱落,并诱导硫酸乙酰肝素的合成。在本研究中,我们回顾了剪切应力和S1P在糖萼重塑中的作用,并揭示了糖萼是一个关键的信号传导平台,整合细胞外血流动力学和化学信号传导,例如S1P,用于确定内皮细胞和血管疾病的命运。这篇综述整合了我们目前对糖萼结构和功能的理解,并提供了对糖萼作用的新见解,这可能有助于研究某些人类疾病(例如动脉粥样硬化)的潜在生物学机制。
The glycocalyx covers the human mammalian cells and plays important roles in stroke, inflammation and atherosclerosis. It has also been shown to be involved in endothelial mechanotransduction of shear stress. Shear stress induces the remodelling of the major component of the glycocalyx including glypican‐1, a cell membrane heparan sulphate proteoglycan. Other factors, such as sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), protect the glycocalyx against syndecan‐1 ectodomain shedding and induce the synthesis of heparan sulphate. In this study, we reviewed the role of shear stress and S1P in glycocalyx remodelling and revealed that the glycocalyx is a critical signalling platform, integrating the extracellular haemodynamic forces and chemical signalling, such as S1P, for determining the fate of endothelial cells and vascular diseases. This review integrated our current understanding of the structure and function of the glycocalyx and provided new insight into the role of the glycocalyx that might be helpful for investigating the underlying biological mechanisms in certain human diseases, such as atherosclerosis.
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