The validation of a pesticide exposure algorithm using biological monitoring results
The validation of a pesticide exposure algorithm using biological monitoring results
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DOI：
10.1080/15459620590923343
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Doserneci, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coble, J;Arbuckle, T;Doserneci, M
农药暴露算法的基础上，农药处理程序和应用方法在一个自填式问卷的问题的回答，计算农药暴露强度得分。该算法的有效性进行了评估，通过比较的算法得分与生物监测数据的研究，126农药施用者谁适用于除草剂MCPA或2，4-D。这些施源者计算的算法评分的变异性主要是由于他们使用个人防护设备（PPE）的差异。75%的施药者在混合时戴橡胶手套，22%的施药者在施药时戴橡胶手套; 33%的施药者在混合时戴橡胶靴，23%的施药者在施药时戴橡胶靴; 33%的施药者在混合时戴护目镜，17%的施药者在施药时戴护目镜。只有2%的施用者在混合和施用时穿戴所有三种类型的PPE，15%的施用者在混合或施用时不穿戴这三种类型的PPE。在施药后尿样中检测到的农药浓度也存在很大差异。在84名施用MCPA的施用者中，在施用后第二天收集的尿样中检测到的MCPA浓度范围为小于1.0至610 μ g/L。在41名施用2，4-D的施用者中，在尿样中检测到的2，4-D浓度范围从小于1.0 μ g/L到514 μ g/L。当根据算法评分分为三组时，MCPA施用器最高暴露组的几何平均值为20 μ g/L，而最低暴露组为5 μ g/L，2，4-D施用器最高暴露组为29 μ g/L，而低暴露组为2 μ g/L。回归分析检测到2，4-D和MCPA施用器暴露类别中尿液浓度几何平均值的统计学显著趋势。主要基于PPE使用的算法评分似乎为这些施用者提供了合理有效的暴露强度测量，但需要进一步研究将这些结果推广到其他类型的农药和施用方法。
A pesticide exposure algorithm was developed to calculate pesticide exposure intensity scores based on responses to questions about pesticide handling procedures and application methods in a self-administered questionnaire. The validity of the algorithm was evaluated through comparison of the algorithm scores with biological monitoring data from a study of 126 pesticide applicators who applied the herbicdes MCPA or 2,4-D. The variability in the algorithm scores calculated for these applicators was due primarily to differences in their use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Rubber gloves were worn by 75% of applicators when mixing and 22% when applying pesticides, rubber boots were worn by 33% when mixing and 23% when applying, and goggles were worn by 33% and 17% of applicators when mixing and when applying, respectively. Only 2% of applicators wore all three types of PPE when both mixing and applying, and 15% wore none of these three types of PPE when either mixing or applying. Substantial variability was also observed in the concentrations of pesticides detected in the post application urine samples. The concentration of MCPA detected in urine samples collected on the second day after the application ranged from less than < 1.0 to 610 mu g/L among 84 of the applicators who applied MCPA. The concentrations of 2,4-D detected in the urine samples ranged from less than < 1.0 to 514 mu g/L among 41 of the applicators who applied 2,4-D. When categorized into three groups based on the algorithm scores, the geometric mean in the highest exposure group was 20 mu g/L compared with 5 mu g/L in the lowest exposure group for the MCPA applicators, and 29 mu g/L in highest exposure group compared with 2 mu g/L in the low exposure group for the 2,4-D applicators. A regression analysis detected statistically significant trends in the geometric mean of the urine concentrations across the exposure categories for both the 2,4-D and the MCPA applicators. The algorithm scores, based primarily on the use of PPE, appear to provide a reasonably valid measure of exposure intensity for these applicators, however further studies art needed to generalize these results to other types of pesticides and application methods.