A massive white-dwarf merger product before final collapse

A massive white-dwarf merger product before final collapse
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最终崩溃之前的巨大白矮星合并产物

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-019-1216-1
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
O.I. Spiridonova
O.I. Spiridonova
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
V.V. Gvaramadze;G. Gräfener;N. Langer;O.V. Maryeva;A.Y. Kniazev;A.S. Moskvitin;O.I. Spiridonova

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引力波发射可以导致彼此绕轨道运行的紧密致密天体对合并。就中子星而言,这种合并可能会产生超过托尔曼-奥本海默-沃尔科夫极限(2 至 2.7 个太阳质量)的质量,从而导致黑洞的形成。对于白矮星来说,合并产物的质量可能会超过钱德拉塞卡极限,导致热核爆炸成为 Ia 型超新星,或者坍塌形成中子星。后一种情况预计会产生不含氢和氦的星周星云,以及一颗炽热、发光、快速旋转和高度磁化的中心恒星,其寿命约为 10,000 年。在这里,我们报告了对一颗热恒星的观测,其光谱以发射线为主,该恒星位于圆形中红外星云的中心。发射线的宽度意味着风物质以每秒 16,000 公里的流出速度离开恒星,快速的恒星旋转和强磁场有助于风加速。鉴于恒星和星云中可能不存在氢和氦,我们得出的结论是,这两个物体都是最近由两颗大质量白矮星合并形成的。我们的恒星大气和风模型表明恒星表面温度约为 200,000 开尔文,光度约为 104.6 个太阳光度。恒星和星云的特性与超钱德拉塞卡质量白矮星合并后演化的模型一致,该模型预测在未来几千年内恒星坍缩时会出现明亮的光学和高能瞬变。我们的观测表明,超钱德拉塞卡质量的白矮星并合可以避免Ia型超新星的热核爆炸,并为恒星并合过程中磁场的产生提供了证据。
Gravitational-wave emission can lead to the coalescence of close pairs of compact objects orbiting each other,. In the case of neutron stars, such mergers may yield masses above the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit (2 to 2.7 solar masses), leading to the formation of black holes. For white dwarfs, the mass of the merger product may exceed the Chandrasekhar limit, leading either to a thermonuclear explosion as a type Ia supernova,or to a collapse forming a neutron star,. The latter case is expected to result in a hydrogen- and helium-free circumstellar nebula and a hot, luminous, rapidly rotating and highly magnetized central star with a lifetime of about 10,000 years,. Here we report observations of a hot star with a spectrum dominated by emission lines, which is located at the centre of a circular mid-infrared nebula. The widths of the emission lines imply that wind material leaves the star with an outflow velocity of 16,000 kilometres per second and that rapid stellar rotation and a strong magnetic field aid the wind acceleration. Given that hydrogen and helium are probably absent from the star and nebula, we conclude that both objects formed recently from the merger of two massive white dwarfs. Our stellar-atmosphere and wind models indicate a stellar surface temperature of about 200,000 kelvin and a luminosity of about 104.6solar luminosities. The properties of the star and nebula agree with models of the post-merger evolution of super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs, which predict a bright optical and high-energy transient upon collapse of the star within the next few thousand years. Our observations indicate that super-Chandrasekhar-mass white-dwarf mergers can avoid thermonuclear explosion as type Ia supernovae, and provide evidence of the generation of magnetic fields in stellar mergers.
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