ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT ECOTOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK TO SUPPORT ECOTOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.34
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发表时间：
2010-03-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Villeneuve, Daniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ankley, Gerald T.;Bennett, Richard S.;Villeneuve, Daniel L.
生态风险评估人员面临着越来越多的需求，他们需要更快、更准确地评估更多的化学物质，而且需要使用更少的资源和实验动物。生物和计算科学的新方法可能能够产生有助于应对这些挑战的机械信息。然而，为了使用机械数据来支持化学评估，需要将这些信息有效地转化为对个体生物的生存、发育和繁殖以及对种群的影响有意义的生态风险端点。在这里，我们讨论一个为此目的设计的框架，不利结果途径（AOP）。AOP是一个概念性的结构，它描述了在与风险评估相关的组织的生物学水平上关于直接分子启动事件和不利结果之间的联系的现有知识。用五个实例说明了aop在化学品生态风险评估中的实际效用。这些示例演示了AOP概念如何在物种和端点选择方面集中毒性测试，增强跨化学外推，并支持混合效应的预测。这些例子还显示了aop如何促进使用分子或生化终点（有时称为生物标志物）来预测对个体和群体的化学影响。在论文的最后部分，我们讨论了aop如何帮助指导支持化学品风险评估的研究，并倡导将这种方法纳入更广泛的系统生物学框架。环绕。Toxicol。化学2010;29:730 - 741。(c) 2009年setac
Ecological risk assessors face increasing demands to assess more chemicals, with greater speed and accuracy, and to do so using fewer resources and experimental animals. New approaches in biological and computational sciences may be able to generate mechanistic information that could help in meeting these challenges. However, to use mechanistic data to support chemical assessments, there is a need for effective translation of this information into endpoints meaningful to ecological risk-effects on survival, development, and reproduction in individual organisms and, by extension, impacts on populations. Here we discuss a framework designed for this purpose, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP). An AOP is a conceptual construct that portrays existing knowledge concerning the linkage between a direct molecular initiating event and an adverse outcome at a biological level of organization relevant to risk assessment. The practical utility of AOPs for ecological risk assessment of chemicals is illustrated using five case examples. The examples demonstrate how the AOP concept can focus toxicity testing in terms of species and endpoint selection, enhance across-chemical extrapolation, and support prediction of mixture effects. The examples also show how AOPs facilitate use of molecular or biochemical endpoints (sometimes referred to as biomarkers) for forecasting chemical impacts on individuals and populations. In the concluding sections of the paper, we discuss how AOPs can help to guide research that supports chemical risk assessments and advocate for the incorporation of this approach into a broader systems biology framework. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:730-741. (C) 2009 SETAC