Mannose is crucial for mesoderm specification and symmetry breaking in gastruloids

Mannose is crucial for mesoderm specification and symmetry breaking in gastruloids
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甘露糖对于类原肠胚中胚层的规范和对称性破坏至关重要

DOI:
10.1101/2023.06.05.543730
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Dingare C
Dingare C
中科院分区:
--
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作者:
Dingare C

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图案化和生长是胚胎发育的基本特征,在形态发生过程中必须紧密协调。由于新陈代谢可以控制细胞生长,同时也提供与发育信号通路的机械联系,因此它是实现这种协调的理想位置。为了了解新陈代谢如何影响早期中胚层的规格,我们使用了小鼠胚胎干细胞衍生的原肠蛋白,因为它们能够在时间上控制代谢操作,并可以大量产生。半乳糖蛋白表现为两种葡萄糖转运蛋白SLC2a1和SLc2a3的嵌合表达,这两种转运蛋白都与中胚层标记T/Bra和神经标记Sox2共同表达。为了了解细胞葡萄糖摄取在发育中的意义,我们使用了葡萄糖代谢抑制剂2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖(2-DG)。2-DG特异性地阻断T/Bra的表达而不影响Sox2的表达,并取消原肠的轴向伸长。令人惊讶的是,完全从培养液中去除葡萄糖并没有表现出2-DG处理,尽管在这两种条件下糖酵解中间产物显著减少。由于2-DG也可以作为甘露糖的竞争性抑制剂,我们将甘露糖与2-DG一起加入,发现它可以挽救中胚层的规格。综上所述,我们的结果表明,虽然甘露糖对中胚层的指定是至关重要的,但糖酵解途径在T/Bra表达的早期阶段是必不可少的。
Patterning and growth are fundamental features of embryonic development that must be tightly coordinated during morphogenesis. As metabolism can control cell growth while also providing mechanistic links to developmental signalling pathways, it is ideally placed to enable this coordination. To understand how metabolism impacts early mesoderm specification, we used mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell-derived gastruloids, as these enable temporal control over metabolic manipulations and can be generated in large quantities. Gastruloids show mosaic expression of two glucose transporters, Slc2a1 and Slc2a3 both of which co-express with the expression of both the mesodermal marker T/Bra and the neural marker Sox2. To understand the significance of cellular glucose uptake in development, we used the glucose metabolism inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). 2-DG specifically blocks the expression of T/Bra without affecting the expression of Sox2 and abolishes axial elongation in gastruloids. Surprisingly, removing glucose completely from the medium did not phenocopy 2-DG treatment despite a significant decline in glycolytic intermediates occurring under both conditions. As 2-DG can also act as a competitive inhibitor of mannose, we added mannose together with 2-DG and found that it could rescue the mesoderm specification. Together, our results show that while mannose is crucial for mesoderm specification, the glycolytic pathway is dispensable at early stages of T/Bra expression in gastruloids.
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