Zika virus damages the human placental barrier and presents marked fetal neurotropism.
Zika virus damages the human placental barrier and presents marked fetal neurotropism.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1590/0074-02760160085
复制
发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Santos CN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noronha Ld;Zanluca C;Azevedo ML;Luz KG;Santos CN
最近在巴西观察到新生儿小头畸形的发病率异常高。小头畸形病例的增加与寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 流行之间存在时间关联。羊水样本、胎盘组织以及新生儿和胎儿脑组织中均检测到了病毒 RNA。然而，关于 ZIKV 感染与胎儿畸形之间的关系，仍有许多问题有待确定。在这项研究中，我们通过检测不同妊娠阶段感染的孕妇的胎盘组织样本中的病毒蛋白和病毒RNA，提供了寨卡病毒经胎盘传播的证据。我们通过免疫组织化学检测 Hofbauer 细胞和绒毛间隙的一些组织细胞中的病毒蛋白，观察到慢性胎盘炎（TORCH 型）。我们还通过检测神经胶质细胞和一些内皮细胞中的病毒蛋白以及观察脑组织中分散的微钙化灶来证明病毒的神经向性。病变主要位于白质。通过实时聚合酶链反应也在这些组织中检测到了 ZIKV RNA。我们相信，这些发现将有助于加深对 ZIKV 传播机制、病毒与宿主细胞之间的相互作用以及病毒向性的了解。
An unusually high incidence of microcephaly in newborns has recently been observed in Brazil. There is a temporal association between the increase in cases of microcephaly and the Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic. Viral RNA has been detected in amniotic fluid samples, placental tissues and newborn and fetal brain tissues. However, much remains to be determined concerning the association between ZIKV infection and fetal malformations. In this study, we provide evidence of the transplacental transmission of ZIKV through the detection of viral proteins and viral RNA in placental tissue samples from expectant mothers infected at different stages of gestation. We observed chronic placentitis (TORCH type) with viral protein detection by immunohistochemistry in Hofbauer cells and some histiocytes in the intervillous spaces. We also demonstrated the neurotropism of the virus via the detection of viral proteins in glial cells and in some endothelial cells and the observation of scattered foci of microcalcifications in the brain tissues. Lesions were mainly located in the white matter. ZIKV RNA was also detected in these tissues by real-time-polymerase chain reaction. We believe that these findings will contribute to the body of knowledge of the mechanisms of ZIKV transmission, interactions between the virus and host cells and viral tropism.