Incremental Processing of Coreference and Binding in Japanese
Incremental Processing of Coreference and Binding in Japanese
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9612.2009.00123.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Phillips, Colin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aoshima, Sachiko;Yoshida, Masaya;Phillips, Colin
本文介绍了两项在线自定阅读研究和三项离线可接受性判断研究，研究了日语代词先于潜在先行名词短语后向回指依赖关系的加工过程。该研究考察了共指关系和操作变量绑定关系的实时形成，以确定头尾语的使用者在遇到动词之前是否能够构建语法准确的句法结构。可接受度评级研究的结果证实了之前的说法，即日语中向后回指依赖关系更容易被接受，在这种情况下，一个代词通过从一个由先行词控制的位置上的混乱而出现在前面。在线研究结果表明，这些可接受性对比对句法分析有直接的影响。阅读时间结果显示，在非规范语序中，NP和前代词之间的语义一致性直接敏感，而在其他语序中，语义一致性没有直接影响。在涉及人称代词kare/kanojo的共指关系（实验1）和涉及指示代词soko的操作变量关系（实验3）中都发现了这种对比。这些发现超越了之前关于首尾语言的增量解析的证据，表明日本人在遇到输入的动词之前，以语法限制的方式构建组合结构（如回指关系）。
This article presents two on-line self-paced reading studies and three off-line acceptability judgment studies on the processing of backward anaphoric dependencies in Japanese in which a pronoun precedes potential antecedent noun phrases. The studies investigate the real-time formation of coreference relations and operator-variable binding relations to determine whether speakers of head-final languages are able to construct grammatically accurate syntactic structures before they encounter a verb. The results of the acceptability rating studies confirm previous claims that backwards anaphoric dependencies in Japanese are more acceptable in configurations where a pronoun has been fronted via scrambling from a position where it would be c-commanded by its antecedent. The results of the on-line studies demonstrate that these acceptability contrasts have an immediate impact on parsing. Reading-time results showed immediate sensitivity to the semantic congruency between an NP and a preceding pronoun in noncanonical ("scrambled") word orders, and no immediate effect of semantic congruency otherwise. This contrast was found both for coreference relations involving the personal pronouns kare/kanojo (experiment 1) and for operator-variable relations involving the demonstrative pronoun soko (experiment 3). These findings go beyond previous evidence for incremental parsing in head-final languages by showing that Japanese speakers build compositional structures (such as anaphoric relations) in a grammatically constrained fashion in advance of encountering a verb in the input.