Green space and cognitive ageing: A retrospective life course analysis in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Green space and cognitive ageing: A retrospective life course analysis in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.038
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Pearce, Jamie R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherrie, Mark P. C.;Shortt, Niamh K.;Pearce, Jamie R.
国际证据表明，绿色空间对一般和心理健康有有益影响，但人们对终生接触绿色空间如何影响认知老化知之甚少。采用一种新的纵向生命过程方法，我们研究了公园的终生可获得性与认知老化之间的关联。洛锡安出生队列1936年的参与者在78岁时使用“生活网格”问卷收集了他们的终生居住信息。1949年、1969年和2009年的公园信息被用来确定1500米缓冲区内儿童、成年和成年后居住的公园的百分比。对11岁至70岁和70岁至76岁(n=281)的年龄标准化、残留性认知功能改变(Moray House测试分数)进行线性回归检验。使用部分F检验的结果选择最合适的模型，然后根据人口统计、遗传和社会经济因素进行分层。儿童和成年时当地提供的公园空间对解释晚年认知功能的变化都很重要。70岁至76岁的女性、那些没有apoe e4等位基因(一种遗传风险因素)的女性以及社会经济水平最低的群体中，儿童和成人公园的可获得性与Moray House测试分数的变化之间的关联最强。从童年到成年，更多的社区提供公园可能有助于减缓以后生活中认知能力下降的速度，因为意识到这样的环境关联总是对个人特征敏感。
International evidence suggests that green space has beneficial effects on general and mental health but little is known about how lifetime exposure to green space influences cognitive ageing. Employing a novel longitudinal life course approach, we examined the association between lifetime availability of public parks and cognitive ageing. Lifetime residential information was gathered from the participants of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 using a "life-grid" questionnaire at age 78 years. Parks information from 1949, 1969 and 2009 was used to determine a percentage of parks within a 1500 m buffer zone surrounding residence for childhood, adulthood, and later adulthood periods. Linear regressions were undertaken to test for association with age-standardised, residualised change in cognitive function (Moray House Test score) from age 11 to 70 years, and from age 70 to 76 (n = 281). The most appropriate model was selected using the results of a partial F-test, and then stratified by demographic, genetic and socioeconomic factors. The local provision of park space in childhood and adulthood were both important in explaining the change in cognitive function in later life. The association between childhood and adulthood park availability and change in the Moray House Test Score from age 70 to 76 was strongest for women, those without an APOE e4 allele (a genetic risk factor), and those in the lowest socioeconomic groups.Greater neighbourhood provision of public parks from childhood through to adulthood may help to slow down the rate of cognitive decline in later life, recognising that such environmental associations are always sensitive to individual characteristics.