Concern for self-image and social image in the management of moral failure: Rethinking shame
Concern for self-image and social image in the management of moral failure: Rethinking shame
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DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.803
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Leach, Colin Wayne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gausel, Nicolay;Leach, Colin Wayne
道德失败被认为是损害自我形象时，人们评价它作为一个全球性的自我缺陷。这种评价被认为与羞耻感有关，因此与自我防御动机有关。然而，一个受损的社会形象更好地解释了自我防御的动机，以隐藏和避免他人。基于对理论和研究的综合回顾，我们提供了一个关于自我形象和社会形象的关注如何引导道德失败体验的概念模型。该模型区分的评价（自我缺陷和他人谴责）和感情（拒绝，自卑，羞耻）嵌入在羞耻的概念。对受损社会形象的关注表现在对他人的谴责上。拒绝组合，而对受损的自我形象的关注则表现为（全局）自我缺陷。劣势组合由于这些评价-感觉组合与对个人形象的损害有关，因此它们应该与自我防御动机联系起来。作为（特定的）自我缺陷。羞耻组合与自我形象中的一个可修复的缺陷有关，它应该与自我改善动机联系起来。因此，我们的模型解释了为什么“羞耻”有时与自我防御动机有关，有时与道德失败后的自我改善动机有关。版权所有（C）2011约翰威利父子有限公司
Moral failure is thought to damage self-image when people appraise it as indicating a global self-defect. This appraisal is thought to be associated with the feeling of shame and thus self-defensive motivation. However, a damaged social image better explains self-defensive motivation to hide from and avoid others. Based on an integrative review of theory and research, we offer a conceptual model of how concern for self-image and social image guides the experience of moral failure. The model distinguishes the appraisals (of self-defect and other-condemnation) and feelings (of rejection, inferiority, and shame) embedded in the shame concept. Concern for a damaged social image is represented in an other-condemnation. rejection combination, whereas concern for a damaged self-image is represented in a (global) self-defect. inferiority combination. As these appraisal-feeling combinations are concerned with damage done to one's image, they should be linked to self-defensive motivation. As the (specific) self-defect. shame combination is concerned with a repairable defect in self-image, it should be linked with self-improvement motivation. Thus, our model explains why "shame" is sometimes tied to self-defensive motivation and sometimes tied to self-improvement motivation after moral failure. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.