The Severity of Bus Rollover Accidents
The Severity of Bus Rollover Accidents
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公交车侧翻事故的严重性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Matolcsy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Matolcsy
最危险的公共汽车事故是翻车。作者收集的一份事故统计数据显示，300多起事故的平均伤亡率为每起事故25人。翻车事故中可能危及乘员安全的损伤机制主要有四种：侵入、投射、全部和部分弹射。不同的保护方法可以用来避免这些类型的伤害，这是在文件中显示。翻车事故的严重程度可以通过两种不同的方式来确定：一种是基于伤亡人数（这主要是由公众舆论使用），另一种是评估翻车的情况（侧转弯比滚下悬崖严重）。严重程度是在指定可保护翻车事故（PRA）时的基本参数，其中乘员可以并且应该受到保护。该严重性极限可以基于上述事故统计数据以及基于对真实的世界翻车事故和不同翻车测试的深入分析来定义。这些方法在本文中使用和讨论。所有乘坐不同类别巴士（传统巴士、高德克尔旅游巴士、双层巴士和小型巴士）的乘客应具有相同的安全等级，并应受到国际法规的保证。本文是对国际上关于客车侧翻事故安全性的一般规定的贡献。
The most dangerous bus accident is the rollover. An accident statistics - collected by the author containing more then 300 accidents - shows that the average casualty rate is 25 casualties/accident. There are four major injury mechanisms in a rollover which may endanger the occupants: intrusion, projection, total and partial ejection. Different ways of protection may be used to avoid these kinds of injuries, which are shown in the paper. The severity of a rollover accident may be specified on two different ways: one is based on the number of casualties (this is mainly used by the public opinion) and the other one evaluates the circumstances of the rollover (turn on side is less severe than roll down into a precipice) The severity is a basic parameter when specifying the protectable rollover accidents (PRA) in which the occupants may be and shall be protected. This severity limit may be defined on the basis of the accident statistics mentioned above and on the basis of in depth analysis of real world rollover accidents and different rollover tests. These methods are used and discussed in this paper. All bus passengers using different bus categories (traditional buses, high decker tourist coaches, double deckers, and small buses) shall have the same safety level which shall be guarantied by international regulation. This paper is a contribution to the international effort specifying a general regulation about the safety of buses in rollover accidents.