Soil from an Abandoned Manganese Mining Area (Hunan, China): Significance of Health Risk from Potentially Toxic Element Pollution and Its Spatial Context.
Soil from an Abandoned Manganese Mining Area (Hunan, China): Significance of Health Risk from Potentially Toxic Element Pollution and Its Spatial Context.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17186554
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发表时间：
2020-09-09
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo X;Ren B;Hursthouse AS;Thacker JRM;Wang Z
本研究评估了湖南省湘潭市某锰矿废弃地表层土壤中潜在有毒元素（即Mn、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd和Ni）污染对居民健康的重要性和潜在影响。使用一系列方案依次评估风险，包括：地理累积指数（Igeo）、污染负荷指数（PLI）、潜在生态风险指数（RI），以及使用危害商数（HQ）、危害指数（HI）和致癌风险（CR）评估外部暴露对人类健康的影响。结果表明，锰和镉是土壤样品中的主要污染物。生态风险评价为中度风险，主要来源于镉（82.91%）；健康风险评估结果显示，总体而言，整个地区的非致癌风险微不足道，致癌风险处于可接受的水平。然而，由于局部的空间波动，一些地点对儿童没有致癌风险。土壤摄入途径是非致癌性和致癌性风险的主要暴露途径，其中Mn是非致癌性风险的主要来源，Cr和Cd是致癌风险的主要来源。此外，通过Pearson相关系数和主成分分析（PCA）确定了三个污染源，包括：a.采矿活动和相关运输的排放；B.自然背景；C.农业管理规范和城市污水排放。研究结果揭示了空间变异对废弃矿区开发的影响，并为中国废弃矿区土壤开发利用的区位优选提供了参考。
This study assessed the significance and potential impact of potentially toxic element (PTE) (i.e., Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Ni) pollution in the surface soil from an abandoned manganese mining area in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, China, on the health of residents. The risks were sequentially evaluated using a series of protocols including: the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (RI), and implications for human health from external exposures using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR). The results revealed that Mn and Cd were the major pollutants in the soil samples. The ecological risk assessment identified moderate risks, which were mainly derived from Cd (82.91%). The results of the health risk assessment revealed that generally across the area, the non-carcinogenic risk was insignificant, and the carcinogenic risk was at an acceptable level. However, due to local spatial fluctuation, some of the sites presented a non-carcinogenic risk to children. The soil ingestion pathway is the main route of exposure through both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, with Mn being the major contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, with Cr and Cd the major contributors to carcinogenic risk. In addition, three pollution sources were identified through the Pearson correlation coefficient and principal component analysis (PCA), which included: a. mining activities and emissions from related transportation; b. natural background; c. agricultural management practices and municipal sewage discharge. The study provides information on the effects of spatial variation for the development of the abandoned mining areas and a useful approach to the prioritization of locations for the development and utilization of soil in these areas in China.
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