GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION AND ATTRIBUTION OF SUCCESS AND FAILURE
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION AND ATTRIBUTION OF SUCCESS AND FAILURE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-2958.1987.tb00110.x
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发表时间：
1987-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
ANDREWS, PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDREWS, PH
本研究考察了性别对说服性交际的影响，考察了说话人和听话人的性别，并比较了说话人在交际交流前后的自我期望和评价。研究结果显示，尽管受过培训的交流评分员表示，女性和男性的表现一样好，但女性对自己有说服力地交流论点的能力表现出的信心低于男性。然而，受试者表达的自信各不相同，这取决于他们是向男性还是女性发表自己的观点。此外，男性对自己善于交际的“表现”的评价也比女性更积极。在将他们认为的成功归因于各种因素时，男性比女性更有可能承认自己天生的沟通能力，而女性比男性更倾向于指出自己的努力是成功的原因。最后，男性和女性受试者在辩论方式上有所不同，男性更倾向于提出基于标准的论点，而女性更有可能创造自己的论点。同样，两性都倾向于使用不同类型的论点，这取决于听者的性别。这项研究提出了几个问题，特别是论点类型的性别差异和明显的基于性别的受众假设，值得进一步研究。
This study examined the impact of gender on persuasive communication, considering the gender of both speaker and listener, and comparing the self-expectations and evaluations of the speakers before and after their communicative exchanges. Findings revealed that females expressed less confidence than males concerning their ability to communicate their arguments persuasively, even though trained communication raters indicated that both genders performed equally well. Subjects varied in their expressed self-confidence, however, depending upon whether they were addressing their arguments to a male or a female. In addition, males rated their communicative “performances” more positively than did females. In attributing their perceived success to various factors, men were more likely to acknowledge their natural communication ability than were women, while women were more inclined than men to point to their effort as the cause of their success. Finally, male and female subjects differed from each other in the way they argued, with males being more inclined to present criterion-based arguments and women more likely to invent their own. Again, both genders tended to use different types of arguments, depending upon the gender of the listener. Several issues raised by the study, especially the gender differences in argument type and the apparent gender-based audience assumptions, warrant further study.