Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus plantations and adjacent plants in China
Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus plantations and adjacent plants in China
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中国桉树人工林及邻近植物的葡萄球菌科
DOI：
10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.03
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Chen, S. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, G. Q.;Liu, F. F.;Chen, S. F.
Botryosphaeriaceae是一个物种丰富的家族，包括各种植物的病原体，包括桉树的物种。近年来，在我国进行桉树病害调查时，从桉树种植园及与桉树相邻的杉木、龙眼、红棕、凤凰等植物上采集到了与葡萄座腔菌科（Botryosphaeriaceae）相关的病害样品。此外，本研究还包括两个园林中的南洋杉和雪松的少量样品。病害主要表现为茎溃疡病、枝枯病和梢枯病。本研究从我国6个省、自治区采集葡萄座腔菌科菌株105个，其中桉树菌株81个。这些分离物是基于内转录间隔区和间插5.8S nrRNA基因（ITS）、部分翻译延伸因子1-α（tef 1）、β-微管蛋白（tub）、DNA指导的RNA聚合酶II亚基（rpb 2）和钙调蛋白（CaM A）基因、核核糖体大亚基（LSU）和核核糖体小亚基（SSU）的DNA序列的比较来鉴定的，并结合其形态特征。结果表明，这些菌株代表葡萄座腔菌科12个种，包括梭孢葡萄座腔菌（Botryosphaeria fusispora）、深绿冠孢菌（Cophinema atrovirens）、巴西毛二孢菌（Lasiodiplodia brasiliense）、巴西毛二孢菌（L. pseudotheobromae，L.和Neofusicoccum parvum，以及葡萄座腔菌属和Neofusicoccum的6个以前未描述的种，即B.伪疣蛛属新种，B。qingyuanensissp. nov.，B。wangensis sp. nov.，N. hongkongense sp. nov.，N.和小分生孢子N. sinoeucalitisp. nov. wangensis，C. atrovirens和N. hongkongense，其余9种为华南地区桉树上的葡萄座腔菌科植物。梭孢葡萄座腔菌（Botryosphaeria fusispora）占桉树分离物的26%，其次是L.假可可碱（23%的分离物来自桉树）。除了在桉树上发现的物种外，我们还发现了B。Pseudoramosa在M.血红属; B. wangensis在C. deodara; C. atrovirens在D.龙眼;龙眼L.可可碱C. lanceolata、毛叶藓D. longan和P. hanceana; hongkongense在A.坎宁安。致病性试验表明，葡萄座腔菌科12种真菌对3个桉树无性系均有致病性，其中以毛二孢属的菌株致病性最强。研究结果表明，我国葡萄座腔菌科植物还有许多种有待发现。本研究也证实了葡萄座腔菌科植物在不同植物上的广泛寄主范围。
The Botryosphaeriaceae is a species-rich family that includes pathogens of a wide variety of plants, including species of Eucalyptus. Recently, during disease surveys in China, diseased samples associated with species of Botryosphaeriaceae were collected from plantation Eucalyptus and other plants, including Cunninghamina lanceolata, Dimocarpus longan, Melastoma sanguineum and Phoenix hanceana, which were growing adjacent to Eucalyptus. In addition, few samples from Araucaria cunninghamii and Cedrus deodara in two gardens were also included in this study. Disease symptoms observed mainly included stem canker, shoot and twig blight. In this study, 105 isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were collected from six provinces, of which 81 isolates were from Eucalyptus trees. These isolates were identified based on comparisons of the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), beta-tubulin (tub), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) and calmodulin (cmdA) genes, the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) and the nuclear ribosomal small subunit (SSU), and combined with their morphological characteristics. Results showed that these isolates represent 12 species of Botryosphaeriaceae, including Botryosphaeria fusispora, Cophinforma atrovirens, Lasiodiplodia brasiliense, L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum, and six previously undescribed species of Botryosphaeria and Neofusicoccum, namely B. pseudoramosa sp. nov., B. qingyuanensis sp. nov., B. wangensis sp. nov., N. hongkongense sp. nov., N. microconidium sp. nov. and N. sinoeucalypti sp. nov. Aside from B. wangensis, C. atrovirens and N. hongkongense, the other nine Botryosphaeriaceae species were isolated from Eucalyptus trees in South China. Botryosphaeria fusispora (26 % of the isolates from Eucalyptus) is the dominant species, followed by L. pseudotheobromae (23 % of the isolates from Eucalyptus). In addition to species found on Eucalyptus trees, we also found B. pseudoramosa on M. sanguineum; B. wangensis on C. deodara; C. atrovirens on D. longan; L. theobromae on C. lanceolata, D. longan and P. hanceana; and N. hongkongense on A. cunninghamii. Pathogenicity tests showed that the 12 species of Botryosphaeriaceae are pathogenic to three Eucalyptus clones and that Lasiodiplodia species are the most aggressive. The results of our study suggest that many more species of the Botryosphaeriaceae remain to be discovered in China. This study also provides confirmation for the wide host range of Botryosphaeriaceae species on different plants.