The energy expansions of evolution
The energy expansions of evolution
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-017-0138
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Judson, Olivia P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Judson, Olivia P.
生命-地球系统的历史可以分为五个“能量”时代，每个时代都有能够利用新能源的生命形式的进化。这些来源是：地球化学能量，阳光，氧气，肉和火。前两个在一开始就存在了，但氧气，肉体和火都是进化事件的结果。由于没有任何种类的能源消失，随着时间的推移，这导致生物体可利用的能源范围不断扩大，生态系统的多样性和复杂性也随之增加。这些能量扩张也介导了行星环境关键方面的转变，这反过来又介导了未来进化变化的进程。因此，将能量作为一个透镜，可以阐明生命和地球演化史中的模式，也可以为考虑其他地方生命行星系统的潜在轨迹提供一个框架。
The history of the life-Earth system can be divided into five 'energetic' epochs, each featuring the evolution of life forms that can exploit a new source of energy. These sources are: geochemical energy, sunlight, oxygen, flesh and fire. The first two were present at the start, but oxygen, flesh and fire are all consequences of evolutionary events. Since no category of energy source has disappeared, this has, over time, resulted in an expanding realm of the sources of energy available to living organisms and a concomitant increase in the diversity and complexity of ecosystems. These energy expansions have also mediated the transformation of key aspects of the planetary environment, which have in turn mediated the future course of evolutionary change. Using energy as a lens thus illuminates patterns in the entwined histories of life and Earth, and may also provide a framework for considering the potential trajectories of life-planet systems elsewhere.