Biology of the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline Stem Cell System
Biology of the Caenorhabditis elegans Germline Stem Cell System
复制标题
DOI：
10.1534/genetics.119.300238
复制
发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Schedl, Tim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hubbard, E. Jane Albert;Schedl, Tim
干细胞系统调节组织发育和维持。生殖系干细胞系统是动物繁殖所必需的，通过其对配子产生的影响来控制后代的时间和数量。在这篇综述中，我们首先绘制一般比较干细胞系统在其他生物体中，然后提出我们目前的理解的种系干细胞系统在秀丽隐杆线虫。与C.在线虫中，生殖系干细胞系统具有可变的分裂模式，并且该系统在幼虫发育、早期成体高峰繁殖和与年龄相关的衰退之间不同。我们讨论了干细胞系统的细胞和发育生物学以及Notch调节的遗传网络，该网络控制干细胞命运和减数分裂发育之间的关键决定，因为它发生在成虫和幼虫阶段的最佳实验室条件下。然后，我们讨论了干细胞系统的变化，以应对环境扰动和老化。一个反复出现的区别是控制干细胞命运的过程和控制细胞周期调节的过程之间的区别。C. elegans是理解生殖系干细胞和干细胞生物学的一个强有力的模型。
Stem cell systems regulate tissue development and maintenance. The germline stem cell system is essential for animal reproduction, controlling both the timing and number of progeny through its influence on gamete production. In this review, we first draw general comparisons to stem cell systems in other organisms, and then present our current understanding of the germline stem cell system in Caenorhabditis elegans. In contrast to stereotypic somatic development and cell number stasis of adult somatic cells in C. elegans, the germline stem cell system has a variable division pattern, and the system differs between larval development, early adult peak reproduction and age-related decline. We discuss the cell and developmental biology of the stem cell system and the Notch regulated genetic network that controls the key decision between the stem cell fate and meiotic development, as it occurs under optimal laboratory conditions in adult and larval stages. We then discuss alterations of the stem cell system in response to environmental perturbations and aging. A recurring distinction is between processes that control stem cell fate and those that control cell cycle regulation. C. elegans is a powerful model for understanding germline stem cells and stem cell biology.