Understanding autism: insights from mind and brain
Understanding autism: insights from mind and brain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2002.1209
复制
发表时间：
2003-02-28
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Frith, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, EL;Frith, U
自闭症是一种发育障碍，其特征是社会互动和交流受损，以及重复行为和兴趣受限。这种疾病对日常生活适应的影响是极不稳定的。公众现在更加意识到这种终生疾病的高流行率，大约0.6%的人口受到影响。然而，自闭症的症状和体征仍然令人费解。自从自闭症的生物学基础被接受以来，发展认知神经科学的方法已经被应用于进一步了解自闭症谱系。对自闭症的行为和潜在认知缺陷的研究已经领先于对潜在的大脑异常和假定的遗传机制的研究。然而，随着方法学困难的克服，这些领域的进展是可望的。本文概述了自闭症领域的最新进展。特别是，我们回顾了自闭症的三种主要神经认知理论的研究结果：心理理论缺陷、弱中央一致性和执行功能障碍。
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication as well as repetitive behaviours and restricted interests. The consequences of this disorder for everyday life adaptation are extremely variable. The general public is now more aware of the high prevalence of this lifelong disorder, with ca. 0.6% of the population being affected. However, the signs and symptoms of autism are still puzzling. Since a biological basis of autism was accepted, approaches from developmental cognitive neuroscience have been applied to further our understanding of the autism spectrum. The study of the behavioural and underlying cognitive deficits in autism has advanced ahead of the study of the underlying brain abnormalities and of the putative genetic mechanisms. However, advances in these fields are expected as methodological difficulties are overcome. In this paper, recent developments in the field of autism are outlined. In particular, we review the findings of the three main neuro-cognitive theories of autism: theory-of-mind deficit, weak central coherence and executive dysfunction.