Characterization of an autotrophic nitrogen-removing biofilm from a highly loaded lab-scale rotating biological contactor
Characterization of an autotrophic nitrogen-removing biofilm from a highly loaded lab-scale rotating biological contactor
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.69.6.3626-3635.2003
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Verstraete, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pynaert, K;Smets, BF;Verstraete, W
在这项研究中，一个实验室规模的旋转生物接触器（RBC）处理合成NH 4+废水缺乏有机碳，并显示高N损失的几个重要的生理和微生物特征进行了研究。RBC生物膜在最高表面负荷约8.3 g N m（-2）day（-1）时去除了89% +/-5%的进水氮，其中N-2为主要最终产物。在分批测试中，RBC生物质显示出良好的好氧和缺氧铵氧化（分别为147.8 +/- 7.6和76.5 +/- 6.4 mg NH 4 +-N g挥发性悬浮固体[VSS]（-1）天（-1）），并且几乎没有亚硝酸盐氧化（< 1 mg N g VSS-1天（-1））。通过PCR扩增16 SrRNA基因片段，对生物膜中好氧氨氧化细菌（AAOB）和浮游菌的多样性进行了分析。克隆的系统发育分析表明，AAOB社区是相当均匀的，占主导地位的亚硝化单胞菌类物种。已知的厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）的近亲斯图加特库尼亚占主导地位的浮游菌群落，最有可能负责缺氧的红细胞中的铵氧化。不扩增AnAOB的较低特异性的浮游菌引物组的使用在其他浮游菌中显示出高多样性，其中代表存在于生物膜中的所有已知组。生物膜的空间组织的特点是使用荧光原位杂交（FISH）与共聚焦扫描激光显微镜（CSLM）。后者显示AAOB与推定的AnAOB（与探针PLA 46和AMX 820/KST 1275杂交的细胞）在整个生物膜中并排发生，而与探针PLA 886杂交的其他浮游菌（未检测到已知的AnAOB）以非常明显的球形结构存在。这项研究表明，长期运行的实验室规模的红细胞的合成NH 4+废水缺乏有机碳产生一个稳定的生物膜，其中两个细菌群体，被认为是共同负责高自养脱氮，并排发生在整个生物膜。
In this study, a lab-scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) treating a synthetic NH4+ wastewater devoid of organic carbon and showing high N losses was examined for several important physiological and microbial characteristics. The RBC biofilm removed 89% +/- 5% of the influent N at the highest surface load of approximately 8.3 g of N m(-2) day(-1), with N-2 as the main end product. In batch tests, the RBC biomass showed good aerobic and anoxic ammonium oxidation (147.8 +/- 7.6 and 76.5 +/- 6.4 mg of NH4+-N g of volatile suspended solids [VSS](-1) day(-1), respectively) and almost no nitrite oxidation (< 1 mg of N g of VSS-1 day(-1)). The diversity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) and planctomycetes in the biofilm was characterized by cloning and sequencing of PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the clones revealed that the AAOB community was fairly homogeneous and was dominated by Nitrosomonas-like species. Close relatives of the known anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacterium (AnAOB) Kuenenia stuttgartiensis dominated the planctomycete community and were most probably responsible for anoxic ammonium oxidation in the RBC. Use of a less specific planctomycete primer set, not amplifying the AnAOB, showed a high diversity among other planctomycetes, with representatives of all known groups present in the biofilm. The spatial organization of the biofilm was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The latter showed that AAOB occurred side by side with putative AnAOB (cells hybridizing with probe PLA46 and AMX820/KST1275) throughout the biofilm, while other planctomycetes hybridizing with probe PLA886 (not detecting the known AnAOB) were present as very conspicuous spherical structures. This study reveals that long-term operation of a lab-scale RBC on a synthetic NH4+ wastewater devoid of organic carbon yields a stable biofilm in which two bacterial groups, thought to be jointly responsible for the high autotrophic N removal, occur side by side throughout the biofilm.