Repeated measures estimation of measurement bias for self-reported drug use with applications to the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.
Repeated measures estimation of measurement bias for self-reported drug use with applications to the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.
复制标题
重复测量自我报告的药物使用情况的测量偏差估计，并应用于全国家庭药物滥用调查。
DOI：
10.1037/e495622006-021
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael Witt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul Biemer;Michael Witt
对调查中自我报告药物使用情况的反应偏差的直接估计要求对调查应答者的子样本获得基本无误差的药物使用确定。获得足够精确的测定值以估计效度的困难在文献中有充分的记载。样本（如毛发、尿液）分析、代理报告以及使用高度私密和匿名的访谈模式等方法都必须应对错误率，这些错误率可能只比父母调查的错误率略低。因此，任何用于直接有效性估计的方法都必须在一定程度上依赖于近似值和可疑的假设。在本章中，作者考虑了一些仅仅依赖于重复测量数据来评估反应偏倚的方法。由于与这些方法相关的假设不需要高度精确的第二次确定，因此它们在实践中可能更容易得到满足。对二分变量进行偏差估计的一种方法在一定程度上被详细考虑，它提供了对初始测量中错误分类概率的估计，而不要求第二次测量准确或甚至比第一次更好。然而，这种方法确实要求存在两个亚群，它们的患病率不同，但假阳性和假阴性误差的概率相同。这些方法对自我报告药物使用情况的适用性进行了描述，并利用全国药物滥用家庭调查的数据加以说明。在结果的讨论中，这些方法对评估自我报告的药物使用有效性的重要性进行了检验。
Direct estimates of response bias for self-reports of drug use in surveys require that essentially error free determinations of drug use be obtained for a subsample of survey respondents. The difficulty of obtaining determinations which are accurate enough for estimating validity is well-documented in the literature. Methods such as specimen (e.g., hair, urine) analysis, proxy reports, and the use of highly private and anonymous modes of interview all have to contend with error rates which may only be marginally lower than those of the parent survey. Thus, any methodology for direct validity estimation must rely to some extent on approximations and questionable assumptions. In this chapter, the authors consider a number of methods that rely solely on repeated measures data to assess response bias. Since the assumptions associated with these approaches do not require highly accurate second determinations they may be more easily satisfied in practice. One such method for bias estimation for dichotomous variables that is considered in some detail provides estimates of misclassification probabilities in the initial measurement without requiring that the second measure be accurate or even better than the first. This methodology does require, however, that two subpopulations exist which have different rates of prevalence but whose probabilities of false positive and false negative error are the same. The applicability of these methods for self-reported drug use are described and illustrated using data from the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. In the discussion of the results, the importance of these methods for assessing the validity of self-reported drug use are examined.