Settler-State Political Theory, 'CANZUS' and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Settler-State Political Theory, 'CANZUS' and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
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DOI：
10.1093/ejil/chv019
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Gover, Kirsty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gover, Kirsty
2007年联合国大会投票通过《土著人民权利宣言》时，只有澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰和美国投了反对票。本文认为，通过谈判达成的政治协定将土著司法纳入这些国家的宪法秩序，限制了它们接受《发展方案》某些规定的能力。一旦达成协议的过程开始，不来自于这些交易的权利就有可能破坏它们。在自治和集体财产权方面尤其如此，这是历史上连续存在的土著群体的法人权利。由于这些权利不容易与支撑主流人权法的平等和非歧视原则相协调，定居者政府必须导航两种自由主义模式：第一种模式旨在根据人权和法治进行前瞻性治理，第二种模式旨在通过获得土著同意来适当地建立定居者政体并完善定居者国家的宪法。协定有助于克服这种紧张关系，使土著制度和人权制度相互隔离，尽管其方式并不总是得到开发计划署的支持。
When the UN General Assembly voted in 2007 to adopt the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), only Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the USA cast negative votes. This article argues that the embedding of indigenous jurisdictions in the constitutional orders of these states via negotiated political agreements limits their capacity to accept certain provisions of the UNDRIP. Once the agreement-making process is set in motion, rights that do not derive from those bargains threaten to undermine them. This is especially true of self-governance and collective property rights, which are corporate rights vested to historically continuous indigenous groups. Since these rights cannot easily be reconciled with the equality and non-discrimination principles that underpin mainstream human rights law, settler governments must navigate two modes of liberalism: the first directed to the conduct of prospective governance in accordance with human rights and the rule of law and the second directed to the reparative goal of properly constituting a settler body politic and completing the constitution of the settler state by acquiring indigenous consent. Agreements help to navigate this tension, by insulating indigenous and human rights regimes from one another, albeit in ways not always supported by the UNDRIP.