Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study
Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.24.14494
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发表时间：
1998-11-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Gabrieli, JDE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vaidya, CJ;Austin, G;Gabrieli, JDE
功能磁共振成像显示注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童和健康对照组之间的差异，在他们的额叶-纹状体功能和哌甲酯的调制反应抑制。儿童在有药物和没有药物的情况下执行两项进行/不进行任务。ADHD儿童在这两项任务上的抑制控制能力都受损。ADHD儿童和健康儿童在反应抑制期间的非药物额叶-纹状体激活不同：ADHD儿童在一项任务上有更大的额叶激活，在另一项任务上减少纹状体激活ADHD儿童和健康儿童之间的药物效应不同：药物改善了两组在一项任务上的反应抑制，而仅在ADHD儿童中改善了另一项任务的反应抑制药物仅在一项任务上调节了反应抑制期间的大脑激活：它在两组中同等程度地增加了额叶激活。相反，它增加了ADHD儿童的纹状体激活，但减少了健康儿童的纹状体激活。这些结果表明，ADHD的特点是不典型的额-纹状体功能，哌甲酯影响纹状体激活ADHD比健康儿童不同。
Functional MRI revealed differences between children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls in their frontal-striatal function and its modulation by methylphenidate during response inhibition. Children performed two go/no-go tasks with and without drug. ADHD children had impaired inhibitory control on both tasks. Off-drug frontal-striatal activation during response inhibition differed between ADHD and healthy children: ADHD children had greater frontal activation on one task and reduced striatal activation on the other task Drug effects differed between ADHD and healthy children: The drug improved response inhibition in both groups on one task and only in ADHD children on the other task The drug modulated brain activation during response inhibition on only one task: It increased frontal activation to an equal extent in both groups. In contrast, it increased striatal activation in ADHD children but reduced it in healthy children. These results suggest that ADHD is characterized by atypical frontal-striatal function and that methylphenidate affects striatal activation differently in ADHD than in healthy children.