Damage stress and acoustic emission characteristics of the Beishan granite
Damage stress and acoustic emission characteristics of the Beishan granite
复制标题
北山花岗岩损伤应力及声发射特征
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijrmms.2013.09.003
复制
发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Ma, L. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao, X. G.;Cai, M.;Ma, L. K.
高放废物的安全处置是所有核能利用国家面临的重要问题，也是一项具有挑战性的任务。由于高放射性废物的半衰期长，毒性大，因此必须与生物圈隔离，直到其危害因放射性衰变而减少，从而对人类和环境没有重大风险。在国际核能界，深地质处置已被认为是处理高浓缩铀的一种合适方法。高放射性核废料储存库可以建在地表以下几百米深的寄主岩石中。不同的岩石类型，如花岗岩、凝灰岩、岩盐和粘土，被认为是高锰矿库的潜在寄主岩石，并进行了广泛的实验室和现场研究[1]，[2],[3],[4],[5]。北山花岗岩是中国北山地区建设高浓缩铀储存库的首选备选寄主岩[bb0，[7]]。更好地了解寄主岩石的力学行为，对岩石中放射性废物处置系统的长期稳定性评价和工程优化至关重要。岩石力学设计需要峰值岩石强度，国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）建议可以通过单轴和三轴压缩试验来确定峰值岩石强度。岩石工程中广泛采用两种峰值强度准则，即线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则和非线性Hoek-Brown破坏准则[8]。Martin b[9]指出，花岗岩的峰值强度不是一种独特的材料特性，而是与加载条件（如加载速率）有关。单轴压缩时的裂纹起裂应力（σ ci）和裂纹损伤应力（即长期强度σ cd）受加载条件的影响较小。这两个应力阈值被认为是描述地下洞口[10]、[11]周围岩体响应的关键参数。
Safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) is an important issue and also a challenging task for all countries utilizing nuclear energy. Due to long half-life and high toxicity, the HLW is required to be isolated from the biosphere until its hazard is reduced by radioactive decay so that there is no significant risk to human and the environment. In the international nuclear energy community, deep geological disposal has been considered as a suitable way to deal with HLW. An HLW repository can be constructed in a host rock at a depth of several hundred meters below the ground surface. Different rock types, such as granite, tuff, rock salt, and clay, are being considered as potential host rocks of HLW repositories and extensive laboratory and field studies have been conducted [1],[2],[3],[4],[5]. Beishan granite is a preferred candidate host rock for the construction of an HLW repository in the Beishan area, China [6],[7]. A better understanding of the mechanical behaviors of the host rock is essential to long-term stability evaluation and engineering optimization of the radioactive waste disposal system in the rock.Peak rock strength is required in rock mechanics design, and the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) suggests that uniaxial and triaxial compression tests can be used for its determination. Two peak strength criteria, ie, the linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion and the nonlinear Hoek–Brown failure criterion [8], are widely used in rock engineering. Martin [9] indicated that the peak strength of granite was not a unique material property but was loading condition (such as the loading rate) dependent. The crack initiation stress (σ ci) and crack damage stress (ie, long-term strength σ cd,) during uniaxial compression were found less dependent on loading conditions. The two stress thresholds have been considered as key parameters to describe rock mass responses around underground openings [10],[11].