Illusory ownership of a virtual child body causes overestimation of object sizes and implicit attitude changes
Illusory ownership of a virtual child body causes overestimation of object sizes and implicit attitude changes
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1306779110
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发表时间：
2013-07-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Slater, Mel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banakou, Domna;Groten, Raphaela;Slater, Mel
通过特定形式的多感官刺激，可以产生对替代肢体或整个身体拥有所有权的错觉，例如在橡胶手错觉中，同步视觉触觉敲击隐藏的真实和可见的橡胶手。通过头戴式显示器，从第一人称的角度来看，这种方法已被用于诱导对人体和代替真实身体的虚拟身体的所有权。然而，这种身体所有权转换的感知和行为后果几乎没有被探索过。在实验1中，使用沉浸式虚拟现实将30名成人化身为4岁的儿童（条件C），并将成人的身体缩放到与儿童相同的高度（条件a），以第一人称视角体验，虚拟和真实的身体动作同步。结果显示，C和a同样具有强烈的身体所有权错觉。此外，与非具体化基线相比，C对物体大小的高估明显大于a。内隐联想测试表明，C对具有儿童特征的自我分类的反应时间明显快于成人特征的自我分类。实验2中有另外16名参与者，在其他条件相同的情况下，通过视觉运动异步消除了所有权错觉。C和A之间的大小估计和内隐关联测试差异也被消除。我们得出的结论是，身体所有权幻觉存在知觉上的关联，也可能存在行为上的关联，这些关联作为身体类型的功能而发生。
An illusory sensation of ownership over a surrogate limb or whole body can be induced through specific forms of multisensory stimulation, such as synchronous visuotactile tapping on the hidden real and visible rubber hand in the rubber hand illusion. Such methods have been used to induce ownership over a manikin and a virtual body that substitute the real body, as seen from first-person perspective, through a head-mounted display. However, the perceptual and behavioral consequences of such transformed body ownership have hardly been explored. In Exp. 1, immersive virtual reality was used to embody 30 adults as a 4-y-old child (condition C), and as an adult body scaled to the same height as the child (condition A), experienced from the first-person perspective, and with virtual and real body movements synchronized. The result was a strong body-ownership illusion equally for C and A. Moreover there was an overestimation of the sizes of objects compared with a nonembodied baseline, which was significantly greater for C compared with A. An implicit association test showed that C resulted in significantly faster reaction times for the classification of self with child-like compared with adult-like attributes. Exp. 2 with an additional 16 participants extinguished the ownership illusion by using visuomotor asynchrony, with all else equal. The size-estimation and implicit association test differences between C and A were also extinguished. We conclude that there are perceptual and probably behavioral correlates of body-ownership illusions that occur as a function of the type of body in which embodiment occurs.