PRIMATE COMMUNICATION AND GESTURAL ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE
PRIMATE COMMUNICATION AND GESTURAL ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE
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DOI：
10.1086/201401
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发表时间：
1973-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
HEWES, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HEWES, GW
华莱士、泰勒、冯特、约翰森和其他人提出，人类语言的基础是手和手臂的手势。加德纳夫妇对黑猩猩瓦肖的研究、普雷马克对黑猩猩萨拉的研究，以及沿着这些路线继续进行的实验表明，原始人类获得简单的命题手势或手语并不需要神经重构，因为这些手势或手语并不涉及从视觉通道到听觉通道的高水平跨通道转移，反之亦然。证据灵长类动物的研究，早期工具的使用，手势在人类交流中的持续功能，在其与语音和工具操作的关系中的横向优势，以及其他来源的声门形成模型的支持。有人认为，一个预先存在的手势语言系统将提供一个更容易的途径，以声乐语言比直接的“情感”使用的非人类灵长类动物的发声特性的产物。
Wallace, Tylor, Wundt, Johannesson, and others have proposed that human language had its basis in hand and arm gestures. The Gardners' work with the chimpanzee Washoe, Premack's study of the chimpanzee Sarah, and continuing experiments along these lines indicate that neural restructuring would not have been necessary for the protohominid acquisition of a simple propositional gesture or sign language which did not involve cross-modal transfer at a high level from the visual to the auditory channel or vice versa. Evidence from primate studies, early tool-using, the continuing functions of gesture in human communication, lateral dominance in its relation to speech and tool manipulation, and other sources is presented to support a model of glottogenesis. It is argued that a preexisting gestural language system would have provided an easier pathway to vocal language than a direct outgrowth of the "emotional" use of vocalization characteristic of non-human primates.