Statistical mechanics of entropic forces: disassembling a toy
Statistical mechanics of entropic forces: disassembling a toy
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熵力的统计力学：拆解玩具
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
I. Sokolov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Sokolov
熵力的概念对学生来说往往是神秘的，特别是对那些来自物理学之外的学生。虽然热力学在使用熵力概念的所有情况下都能完美地工作，但通常没有努力解释力的机械性质。在本文中，我们讨论的熵力的性质作为有条件的手段，约束力的系统中的相互作用被视为机械约束，并讨论了几个例子，这样的力量。此外，我们展示了这些力量如何出现在统计热力学的标准形式主义和机械方法的基础上Pope-Ching方程，使明显的能量均分它们的连接。本文针对的是本科生和研究生学习统计物理和教师教它。
The notion of entropic forces often stays mysterious to students, especially to ones coming from outside physics. Although thermodynamics works perfectly in all cases when the notion of entropic force is used, no effort is typically made to explain the mechanical nature of the forces. In this paper we discuss the nature of entropic forces as conditional means of constraint forces in systems where interactions are taken into account as mechanical constraints and discuss several examples of such forces. We moreover demonstrate how these forces appear within the standard formalism of statistical thermodynamics and within the mechanical approach based on the Pope–Ching equation, making evident their connection with the equipartition of energy. The paper is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students studying statistical physics and the teachers teaching it.