GLUTAMATE, GABA, AND GLYCINE IN THE HUMAN RETINA - AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION
GLUTAMATE, GABA, AND GLYCINE IN THE HUMAN RETINA - AN IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.903110404
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发表时间：
1991-09-22
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
STORMMATHISEN, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DAVANGER, S;OTTERSEN, OP;STORMMATHISEN, J
神经活性氨基酸谷氨酸、GABA和甘氨酸在人视网膜中的分布分别用固定谷氨酸、GABA和甘氨酸特异性抗血清处理的连续半薄片进行检测。谷氨酸免疫反应性在所有感光细胞（杆状细胞比锥状细胞的标记性更强）和大多数（85-89%）内核层细胞（INL）中都很明显。杆状小球体和锥蒂的谷氨酸免疫反应性比亲本细胞体和内节更丰富。同时，对内丛状层（IPL）结构进行了标记。神经节细胞层（GCL）的绝大多数细胞（83-91%）被强烈染色，神经纤维层的大多数轴突也被染色。穆勒细胞突未见染色。GABA免疫反应性存在于假定的无性腺细胞中，但不存在于双极样细胞中。染色细胞局限于内1/3的视网膜内，在视网膜中央比外周更常见（分别占内1/3细胞的40%和26%）。GABA阳性的细胞过程可能起源于丛间细胞，似乎穿过INL并终止于外丛状层。IPL可见密集的免疫标记。GABA免疫反应细胞（有些还染色为谷氨酸）占周围视网膜所有GCL细胞的23%，但仅占中央视网膜的5%。多数发生在离IPL较近的位置。少数GABA阳性细胞（可能是神经节细胞）向神经纤维层延伸单个纤维。孤立的GABA阳性纤维见于这一层和视神经。甘氨酸免疫反应性在无腺细胞和双极（视网膜周围）细胞的典型位置以及IPL的点状结构中观察到。与GABA阳性细胞相比，甘氨酸阳性细胞在视网膜周围比在中央更常见（分别占视网膜内1/3细胞的42%和23%）。GCL中少数细胞（0.5-1.5%）甘氨酸阳性。在大多数被这两种抑制递质染色的细胞中，谷氨酸与GABA或甘氨酸共定位（INL中90-95%的GABA阳性细胞和80-86%的甘氨酸阳性细胞）。部分双极细胞同时染色谷氨酸和甘氨酸。GABA和甘氨酸的共定位发生在假定的无毛细胞亚群（3-4%）中，其中约一半也是谷氨酸阳性。
The distribution of the neuroactive amino acids glutamate, GABA, and glycine in the human retina was examined in consecutive semithin sections treated with antisera specific for fixed glutamate, GABA, and glycine, respectively.Glutamate immunoreactivity was conspicuous in all photoreceptor cells (rods more strongly labelled than cones), and in a majority (85-89%) of the cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Rod spherules and cone pedicles showed a greater enrichment of glutamate immunoreactivity than the parent cell bodies and inner segments. Also, structures of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) were labelled. A large majority (83-91%) of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) was strongly stained, as were most axons in the nerve fibre layer. Muller cell processes appeared unstained.GABA immunoreactivity was present in presumed amacrine but not in bipolar-like cells. The stained cells were restricted to the inner 1/3 of the INL and were more frequent in central than in peripheral retina (40% and 26% of all cells in the inner 1/3 of INL, respectively). GABA positive cell processes, probably originating from interplexiform cells, appeared to traverse the INL and end in the outer plexiform layer. Dense immunolabeling was found in the IPL. GABA immunoreactive cells (some also stained for glutamate) comprised 23% of all GCL cells in the peripheral retina, but only 5% in the central retina. Most of them were localized adjacent to the IPL. A few GABA positive (possibly ganglion) cells extended a single fibre toward the nerve fibre layer. Solitary GABA positive fibres were seen in this layer and in the optic nerve.Glycine immunoreactivity was observed in cells with the location typical of amacrine and bipolar (peripheral retina) cells, as well as in punctate structures of the IPL. In contrast to the GABA positive cells, the glycine positive cells were more frequent in the peripheral than in the central retina (42% and 23% of all cells in inner 1/3 of INL, respectively). A few cells in the GCL (0.5-1.5%) were glycine positive.Glutamate colocalized with GABA or glycine in a majority of the cells stained for either of these inhibitory transmitters (90-95% of the GABA positive cells, and 80-86% of the glycine positive cells, in the INL). Some bipolar cells were stained for both glutamate and glycine. Colocalization of GABA and glycine occurred in a subpopulation (3-4%) of presumed amacrine cells, about half of which was also glutamate positive.