The gray zones of privatized imaging.
The gray zones of privatized imaging.
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私有化成像的灰色地带。
DOI：
10.1080/15265160802716845
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Illes,Judy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lau,PatriciaW;Illes,Judy
私人成像是一个不断增长的行业。正如Burger和Kass（2009年）所描述的，在美国，人们不需要寻找很远就可以找到这种趋势的迹象，因为磁共振成像（MRI）和计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描可用于私人消费者的各种用途。公司提供广泛的健康相关服务，包括诊断和筛查成像，以及科学上仍有争议的非医疗服务，如测谎（Greely and Illes 2007; Simpson 2008）。正如Illes和同事（2003），Kalish和同事（2004）以及Racine和Illes（2008）之前报道的那样，自我推荐的全身CT筛查，例如，对于“健康富裕”的美国消费者来说，他们可以随时随地走在街上并随意购买扫描。在边境以北，还有一个不断增长的私人医疗成像市场，为全国各地的加拿大消费者提供服务。加拿大卫生信息研究所（渥太华，加拿大）最近发表了一份报告（加拿大卫生信息研究所2008年），该报告显示，私人消费者可使用的私人MRI、CT和正电子发射断层扫描仪（PET）的数量不断增加。然而，尽管这种趋势不断增长，但在加拿大购买扫描仪的规则要严格得多。我们（Lau和Illes 2009，未发表的数据[手稿准备中，“私有化成像的道德挑战谱”]）研究了85%在互联网上做广告的公司的做法。我们发现，97%（n= 28）需要医生转诊提供的任何服务。只有一家公司允许患者自我转诊，自我转诊仅限于心脏或肺部CT筛查扫描，并且仅限于符合年龄，健康和既往扫描史标准的客户。目前为止
Private imaging is an ever-growing industry. As Burger and Kass (2009) describe, one does not have to look far to find signs of this trend in the United States where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans are available to the private consumer for a variety of uses. Companies offer a wide range of health-related services including diagnostic and screening imaging, and still scientifically questionable nonmedical services such as lie detection (Greely and Illes 2007; Simpson 2008). As Illes and colleagues (2003), Kalish and colleagues (2004) and Racine and Illes (2008) previously reported, self-referred whole body CT screenings, for example, are readily available to the’healthy wealthy’American consumer who is able to walk in off the street and purchase scans at will. North of the border, there is also a growing private medical imaging market with services available to paying Canadian consumers across the country. The Canadian Institute for Health Information (Ottawa, Canada) recently published a report (Canadian Institute for Health Information 2008) that showed the increasing number of private MRI, CT, and positron emission tomography (PET) scanners available to the private consumer. However, despite the growing trend, much stricter rules apply to buying a scan in Canada. We (Lau and Illes 2009, unpublished data [manuscript in preparation,“A Spectrum of Ethics Challenges for Privatized Imaging”]) looked at the practices of 85% of these companies that advertise on Internet. We found that 97%(n= 28) require a physician referral for any service provided. Only one company allows patients to self-refer, with self-referral restricted to heart or lung CT screening scans, and only to customers who fit a standard set of criteria for age, health, and previous scan history. By far, the