The Built Environment and Active Travel: Evidence from Nanjing, China.
The Built Environment and Active Travel: Evidence from Nanjing, China.
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建筑环境与主动出行：来自中国南京的证据
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph13030301
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发表时间：
2016-03-08
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feng J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feng J
背景：建筑环境与主动出行之间存在既定的关系。然而，研究建筑环境不同组成部分的影响的文献是有限的。此外，大多数现有的研究都是基于美国和西欧城市的数据。中国城市的情况在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究基于中国南京市的数据，明确考察了建筑环境的两个组成部分——邻里形态和街道形态对居民主动出行的影响。方法：采用二元logistic回归分析方法，分别考察邻里形态和街道形态对生计、维持和自由行出行的影响。对于每个旅行目的，我们探索了三种模型：仅包含社会人口统计学的模型，包含邻域形式变量的模型和包含所有变量的完整模型。结果：模型拟合指标Nagelkerke’s ρ2在考虑邻域形式变量时增大0.024，在考虑街道形式变量时增大0.070。在维护活动和自由裁量活动的模型中也可以发现类似的情况。就具体变量而言，邻里形式变量的显著影响非常有限，而街道形式的几乎所有特征都对主动交通表现出显著影响。结论：在南京市，街道形态因素比邻里形态因素对主动出行的影响更为深远。地方政府土地利用法规和政策的重点应从街区形态转向街道形态，使政策干预的效果最大化。
Background: An established relationship exists between the built environment and active travel. Nevertheless, the literature examining the impacts of different components of the built environment is limited. In addition, most existing studies are based on data from cities in the U.S. and Western Europe. The situation in Chinese cities remains largely unknown. Based on data from Nanjing, China, this study explicitly examines the influences of two components of the built environment—the neighborhood form and street form—on residents’ active travel. Methods: Binary logistic regression analyses examined the effects of the neighborhood form and street form on subsistence, maintenance and discretionary travel, respectively. For each travel purpose, three models are explored: a model with only socio-demographics, a model with variables of the neighborhood form and a complete model with all variables. Results: The model fit indicator, Nagelkerke’s ρ2, increased by 0.024 when neighborhood form variables are included and increased by 0.070 when street form variables are taken into account. A similar situation can be found in the models of maintenance activities and discretionary activities. Regarding specific variables, very limited significant impacts of the neighborhood form variables are observed, while almost all of the characteristics of the street form show significant influences on active transport. Conclusions: In Nanjing, street form factors have a more profound influence on active travel than neighborhood form factors. The focal point of the land use regulations and policy of local governments should shift from the neighborhood form to the street form to maximize the effects of policy interventions.