A semi-quantitative approach to GMO risk-benefit analysis
A semi-quantitative approach to GMO risk-benefit analysis
复制标题
转基因生物风险效益分析的半定量方法
DOI：
10.1007/s11248-010-9480-8
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
E. J. Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. J. Morris
在许多国家，越来越多的人呼吁既要考虑转基因生物的风险，也要考虑其益处，并要求将风险-收益分析作为转基因生物监管框架的一个组成部分。这一趋势代表着对风险的严格强调的转变，这种强调包含在构成《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》基础的预防原则中，并反映在许多国家的国家立法中。如果有明确的方法来支持转基因生物的风险效益分析，将有助于采用这种分析。到目前为止，适用于引进转基因生物的风险效益分析方法还没有得到很好的界定。本文描述了一种相对简单的半定量方法，可以很容易地用作决策支持工具，特别考虑到资源和经验有限的发展中国家监管机构的需求。以南非一种抗虫玉米品种的释放为例，说明了该方法的应用。还讨论了该方法在南非管理制度中的适用性，作为对现有管理程序进行改革可能涉及的一个例子。
In many countries there are increasing calls for the benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to be considered as well as the risks, and for a risk-benefit analysis to form an integral part of GMO regulatory frameworks. This trend represents a shift away from the strict emphasis on risks, which is encapsulated in the Precautionary Principle that forms the basis for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, and which is reflected in the national legislation of many countries. The introduction of risk-benefit analysis of GMOs would be facilitated if clear methodologies were available to support the analysis. Up to now, methodologies for risk-benefit analysis that would be applicable to the introduction of GMOs have not been well defined. This paper describes a relatively simple semi-quantitative methodology that could be easily applied as a decision support tool, giving particular consideration to the needs of regulators in developing countries where there are limited resources and experience. The application of the methodology is demonstrated using the release of an insect resistant maize variety in South Africa as a case study. The applicability of the method in the South African regulatory system is also discussed, as an example of what might be involved in introducing changes into an existing regulatory process.