Serine hydroxymethyltransferase controls blood-meal digestion in the midgut of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase controls blood-meal digestion in the midgut of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
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丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶控制埃及伊蚊中肠的血粉消化
DOI：
10.1186/s13071-019-3714-2
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发表时间：
2019-09-24
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Liu, Shiping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Xuemei;Yang, Jinyu;Liu, Shiping
埃及伊蚊是虫媒病毒的载体，可引起多种具有公共卫生意义的疾病。中肠蛋白酶消化血液蛋白质，为自体蚊子提供卵母细胞成熟和产卵所必需的营养。中肠特异性miR-1174通过其靶基因丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶（SHMT）影响中肠的功能。然而，对蚊子血液消化中SHMT调节过程的了解较少。方法在家蚕羽化后16 h注射双链RNA，实现对SHMT基因的RNAi。实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting分别检测SHMT在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达。使用Student t检验用GraphPad 7进行统计分析。结果在此，我们证实了SHMT RNAi沉默的雌性A.埃及蚊子。证据还提出，所有SHMT耗尽的雌性蚊子失去了它们的飞行能力，并在48小时内死亡的血餐。此外，大多数检测的消化酶在转录表达方面对RNAi耗竭SHMT的反应不同，有些下调，有些上调，有些保持稳定。系统发育分析表明，SHMT沉默的转录表达反应在很大程度上与这些酶之间的序列相似性无关。结论SHMT基因在埃及伊蚊中肠表达水平较低，但沉默SHMT后，埃及伊蚊对血粉的消化受到抑制。不同消化酶的转录表达受到SHMT耗竭的影响，表明SHMT是中肠消化血粉所必需的，靶向SHMT可以为媒介蚊子种群控制提供有效的策略。
Background Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses that cause diverse diseases of public health significance. Blood protein digestion by midgut proteases provides anautogenous mosquitoes with the nutrients essential for oocyte maturation and egg production. Midgut-specific miR-1174 affects the functions of the midgut through its target gene serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT). However, less is known about SHMT-regulated processes in blood digestion by mosquitoes. Methods RNAi of SHMT was realized by injection of the double-stranded RNA at 16 h post-eclosion. The expression of SHMT at mRNA level and protein level was assayed by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed with GraphPad7 using Student's t-test. Results Here, we confirmed that digestion of blood was inhibited in SHMT RNAi-silenced female A. aegypti mosquitoes. Evidence is also presented that all SHMT-depleted female mosquitoes lost their flight ability and died within 48 h of a blood meal. Furthermore, most examined digestive enzymes responded differently in their transcriptional expression to RNAi depletion of SHMT, with some downregulated, some upregulated and some remaining stable. Phylogenetic analysis showed that transcriptional expression responses to SHMT silence were largely unrelated to the sequence similarity between these enzymes. Conclusions Overall, this research shows that SHMT was expressed at a low level in the midgut of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, but blood-meal digestion was inhibited when SHMT was silenced. Transcriptional expressions of different digestive enzymes were affected in response to SHMT depletion, suggesting that SHMT is required for the blood-meal digestion in the midgut and targeting SHMT could provide an effective strategy for vector mosquito population control.