Challenges in estimating omega-3 fatty acid content of seafood from US nutrient databases: A salmon case study
Challenges in estimating omega-3 fatty acid content of seafood from US nutrient databases: A salmon case study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jfca.2011.03.019
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kris-Etherton, Penny
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris, Kristina;Fleming, Jennifer;Kris-Etherton, Penny
长链 omega-3 脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA) 的主要来源是多脂鱼类，即鲑鱼。令人信服的证据表明，摄入鱼类可以降低患心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。美国心脏协会建议公众每周吃 2 份（每份 3.5 盎司）鱼（最好是富含脂肪的），以增加 EPA + DHA 的摄入量并降低 CVD 风险。 2010 年美国人膳食指南建议每周摄入 8 盎司各种海鲜，提供平均每日摄入量 250 毫克 EPA + DHA。 “鱼类优先”建议依靠准确的营养数据库来估算鱼类中 EPA + DHA 的含量。野生鲑鱼的总脂肪和 EPA + DNA 含量因地点、季节而异。水温、年龄。性、饮食。养殖三文鱼的环境受到控制，但饲料中的EPA+DHA含量各不相同。美国研究人员主要依靠美国农业部营养数据库获取食品成分信息，而消费者则可能使用商业网站；然而，网站经常引用美国农业部的数值，这使得数据库的准确性至关重要。考虑到野生鲑鱼固有的 EPA + DNA 变异性并调节养殖鲑鱼饲料的营养成分，可以提供对鱼类 EPA + DHA 的更稳定的估计，从而提高营养数据库的准确性。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
A major source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is fatty fish, i.e. salmon. Compelling evidence shows fish intake decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The American Heart Association recommends the public eat 2 servings (3.5 oz each) of fish (preferably fatty) per week to increase EPA + DHA intake and lower CVD risk. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends 8 oz of a variety of seafood per week providing an average daily consumption of 250 mg EPA + DHA. "Fish-first" recommendations rely on accurate nutrient databases to estimate the amount of EPA + DHA in fish. Wild salmon vary in total fat and EPA + DNA content depending on location, season. water temperature, age. sex, and diet. The environment of farmed salmon is controlled, but the EPA + DHA content of the feed varies. US researchers primarily rely on the USDA Nutrient Database for food composition information, while consumers likely use commercial websites; however, websites often cite USDA values making the accuracy of the database paramount. Accounting for the inherent EPA + DNA variability in wild salmon and regulating the nutrient content of feed for farmed salmon can provide more stable estimates of EPA + DHA in fish, thereby improving the accuracy of nutrient databases. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.