Transient and persistent energy efficiency in the US residential sector: evidence from household-level data
Transient and persistent energy efficiency in the US residential sector: evidence from household-level data
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DOI：
10.1007/s12053-017-9599-z
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Filippini, Massimo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alberini, Anna;Filippini, Massimo
在本文中，我们使用一个面板数据集来衡量住宅能源消耗中隐含的能源效率，该面板数据集由1997-2009年美国家庭的40，246个观察结果组成。我们拟合了一个随机前沿模型的最低能源投入，以满足家庭所需的能源服务水平。这一基准制定工作为每个家庭和每个时期产生了一个短暂的和一个持久的效率指数。我们估计，如果减少持续的低效率，美国住宅部门可以节省大约10%的总能耗，如果可以消除瞬时低效率，则可以节省17%。这些数字与最近对美国经济的评估一致。我们的研究结果表明，能源使用和相关温室气体排放的节省可能受益于实现短期行为变化的政策措施（例如，这些措施包括：推动、社会规范、显示使用情况实时信息和实时定价）以及着眼于长远的措施，如能效法规、鼓励购买高效设备和鼓励改变设备使用习惯。
In this paper, we measure the energy efficiency implicit in residential energy consumption using a panel dataset comprised of 40,246 observations from US households observed over 1997-2009. We fit a stochastic frontier model of the minimum input of energy needed to meet the level of energy services demanded by the household. This benchmarking exercise produces a transient and a persistent efficiency index for each household and each time period. We estimate that the US residential sector could save approximately 10% of its total energy consumption if it reduced persistent inefficiencies and 17% if it were possible to eliminate transient inefficiencies. These figures are in line with recent economy-wide assessments for the USA. Our results suggest that savings in energy use and associated emissions of greenhouse gases may benefit from both policy measures that attain short-run behavioral changes (e.g., nudges, social norms, display of real-time information about usage, and real-time pricing) as well measures aimed at the long run, such as energy-efficiency regulations, incentives on the purchase of high-efficiency equipment, and incentives towards a change of habits in the use of the equipment.