Envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: profound influences on immune functions.
Envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: profound influences on immune functions.
复制标题
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型的包膜糖蛋白：对免疫功能的深远影响。
DOI：
10.1128/mr.60.2.386-406.1996
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pahwa,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chirmule,N;Pahwa,S
感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)会导致CD4+T细胞亚群的渐进性破坏，导致免疫缺陷和艾滋病。HIV-1的病毒外膜糖蛋白gp120与CD4分子的特异性结合启动了病毒的进入。近年来的研究表明，HIV-1包膜糖蛋白与免疫系统的细胞和分子相互作用，对免疫功能具有多种生物学效应，包括对CD34+淋巴祖细胞和胸腺细胞分化的影响，对成熟T细胞的异常激活和细胞因子分泌模式的影响，对细胞凋亡的诱导，对B细胞的高活性，对T细胞依赖性B细胞分化的抑制，对巨噬细胞功能的调节，对补体成分的相互作用，对神经细胞的影响。包膜糖蛋白与几种细胞蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性表明，分子模拟可能在该病的发病机制中发挥作用。这篇综述总结了几位研究人员所做的工作，他们展示了HIV-1包膜糖蛋白对免疫系统细胞的深刻生物学效应。人们还对病毒包膜蛋白与免疫系统成分的相互作用进行了广泛的研究，这可能对引发“保护性免疫反应”很重要。了解HIV-1包膜糖蛋白对免疫系统的影响可能会为HIV-1疾病的发病机制提供有价值的见解，并对HIV-1包膜蛋白疫苗和免疫疗法的试验具有重要意义。
Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) leads to progressive destruction of the CD4+ T-cell subset, resulting in immune deficiency and AIDS. The specific binding of the viral external envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, gp120, to the CD4 molecules initiates viral entry. In the past few years, several studies have indicated that the interaction of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein with cells and molecules of the immune system leads to pleiotropic biological effects on immune functions, which include effects on differentiation of CD34+ lymphoid progenitor cells and thymocytes, aberrant activation and cytokine secretion patterns of mature T cells, induction of apoptosis, B-cell hyperactivity, inhibition of T-cell dependent B-cell differentiation, modulation of macrophage functions, interactions with components of complement, and effects on neuronal cells. The amino acid sequence homologies of the envelope glycoproteins with several cellular proteins have suggested that molecular mimicry may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. This review summarizes work done by several investigators demonstrating the profound biological effects of envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 on immune system cells. Extensive studies have also been done on interactions of the viral envelope proteins with components of the immune system which may be important for eliciting a "protective immune response." Understanding the influences of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins on the immune system may provide valuable insights into HIV-1 disease pathogenesis and carries implications for the trials of HIV-1 envelope protein vaccines and immunotherapeutics.