CONTRAST EFFECTS ON STOP CONSONANT IDENTIFICATION
CONTRAST EFFECTS ON STOP CONSONANT IDENTIFICATION
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.4.4.599
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
MCCUSKER, SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DIEHL, RL;ELMAN, JL;MCCUSKER, SB
选择性适应后语音识别的变化通常归因于听觉特征检测器灵敏度的降低。对这些影响的另一种解释是基于反应对比的概念。在总共53名本科生的3个实验中，Ss识别出辅音-元音合成音节的起始音段要么是浊音顿音[b]，要么是不浊音顿音[p h]。每个测试音节都有一个发声时间（VOT）值，该值将其置于英语发声-不发声边界附近。当测试音节前有一个明确的[b]（VOT= -200 msec）时，学生倾向于将其识别为[p h]，而当测试音节前有一个明确的[p h]（VOT= 100 msec）时，学生倾向于将其标记为[b]。这种对比效应甚至在上下文刺激是平面语而测试刺激是双音节语时也会发生，这表明这种效应是基于一个特征而不是音位基础。为了排除这些可能是单一试验感觉适应实例的可能性，进行了一个类似的实验，其中上下文刺激跟随测试项目。仍然获得了可靠的对比效果。鉴于这些结果，反应对比似乎至少在一定程度上解释了文献中报道的适应效应。（27 ref）（PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Changes in the identification of speech sounds following selective adaptation are usually attributed to a reduction in sensitivity of auditory feature detectors. An alternative explanation of these effects is based on the notion of response contrast. In 3 experiments with a total of 53 undergraduates, Ss identified the initial segment of synthetic consonant–vowel syllables as either the voiced stop [b] or the voiceless stop [p h]. Each test syllable had a value of voice onset time (VOT) that placed it near the English voiced–voiceless boundary. When the test syllables were preceded by a single clear [b](VOT=–200 msec), Ss tended to identify them as [p h], whereas when they were preceded by an unambiguous [p h](VOT= 100 msec), the syllables were predominantly labeled [b]. This contrast effect occurred even when the contextual stimuli were velar and the test stimuli were bilabial, which suggests a featural rather than a phonemic basis for the effect. To discount the possibility that these might be instances of single-trial sensory adaptation, a similar experiment was conducted in which the contextual stimuli followed the test items. Reliable contrast effects were still obtained. In view of these results, it appears likely that response contrast accounts for at least some component of the adaptation effects reported in the literature.(27 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)