Acculturation and Self-Rated Health among Latino and Asian Immigrants to the United States
Acculturation and Self-Rated Health among Latino and Asian Immigrants to the United States
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DOI：
10.1525/sp.2012.59.3.341
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Schachter, Ariela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimbro, Rachel Tolbert;Gorman, Bridget K.;Schachter, Ariela
美国学者和政策制定者对移民健康状况随文化适应变化而变化的方式越来越感兴趣，但人们对文化适应和自我评价健康之间可能联系起来的机制知之甚少，特别是对于亚洲人来说。利用全国拉丁美洲和亚裔美国人研究 (NLAAS) 及其关于外国出生的拉丁美洲人 (N = 1,199) 和亚洲人 (N = 1,323) 的数据（Pennell 等人，2004 年），我们调查并比较了来自六个主要种族亚群（中国人、菲律宾人、越南人、墨西哥人、古巴人和波多黎各人）的美国移民的文化适应与自评健康之间的关联。使用全面的文化适应措施，我们证明，在不同族裔群体中，尽管输出国和接收社区的背景差异很大，但相对于双语，母语主导地位与较差的自评健康状况相关，而较低的文化适应措施（同族关系和汇款）则与更好的自我评价健康状况相关；此外，这些关联仅部分由社会经济地位调节，而不是由文化压力、歧视、社会支持或健康行为调节。我们推测，正如其他移民成果所表明的那样，在保留母语的同时还学习英语的移民能够流利地掌握双文化，这也有助于保持良好的健康状况。令人惊讶的是，我们没有发现在美国的时间或移民年龄（经常用于衡量文化适应程度的指标）与自我评价的健康状况之间存在很强的关联。我们的研究结果说明了衡量文化适应的复杂性及其对移民健康的影响。
The ways in which immigrant health profiles change with shifts in acculturation is of increasing interest to scholars and policy makers in the United States, but little is known about the mechanisms that may link acculturation and self-rated health, particularly for Asians. Utilizing the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS) and its data on foreign-born Latinos (N = 1,199) and Asians (N = 1,323) (Pennell et al. 2004), we investigate and compare the associations between acculturation and self-rated health for immigrants to the United States from six major ethnic subgroups (Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Mexican, Cuban, and Puerto Rican). Using comprehensive measures of acculturation, we demonstrate that across ethnic groups, and despite the widely varying contexts of the sending countries and receiving communities, native-language dominance is associated with worse self-rated health relative to bilingualism, and measures of lower acculturation-coethnic ties and remittances-are associated with better self-rated health; and moreover, these associations are only partially mediated by socioeconomic status, and not mediated by acculturative stress, discrimination, social support, or health behaviors. We speculate that immigrants who maintain a native language while also acquiring English, as has been shown for other immigrant outcomes, attain a bicultural fluency, which also enables good health. Surprisingly, we do not find strong associations between duration of time in the United States or age at migration-measures frequently used to proxy acculturation-with self-rated health. Our findings illustrate the complexity of measuring acculturation and its influence on health for immigrants.