Insect Adhesion Secretions: Similarities and Dissimilarities in Hydrocarbon Profiles of Tarsi and Corresponding Tibiae
Insect Adhesion Secretions: Similarities and Dissimilarities in Hydrocarbon Profiles of Tarsi and Corresponding Tibiae
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DOI：
10.1007/s10886-016-0718-7
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Laemmerhofer, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerhardt, Heike;Betz, Oliver;Laemmerhofer, Michael
采用非涂层石英纤维接触固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)相结合的体内空间控制采样技术，利用不同的黏附系统，即不同的黏附系统，分析了4种昆虫(毛状夜蛾、掌叶夜蛾、无尾小卷蛾和口岸夜蛾)的踝部黏附分泌物中的碳氢化合物分布。有毛的或光滑的鞑靼人。为了进行比较，对代表一般角质层碳氢化合物剖面的相应胫骨样本进行了分析，以统计推断可能由特定碳氢化合物贡献的踝关节分泌物中的活性分子黏附原理。检测到正构烷烃、单甲基和二甲基烷烃、烯烃、二烯烃和一醛。多元统计分析(主成分和正交偏最小二乘判别分析)提供了对不同昆虫物种之间以及脚踝和胫骨样本之间的独特分子特征的洞察。总体而言，无论是在定性上还是在相对丰度上，脚踝和胫骨样品中对应的油气剖面都很相似。然而，几种特定的碳氢化合物在相应的眼睑和胫骨样本中显示出显著的相对丰度，因此表明这种特定碳氢化合物在复杂混合物中的这种差异可能构成一种精细的机制，用于微调由来自同一池的物质与角质层碳氢化合物组成的鞑靼粘附液的可逆附着性能。由于熔点下降，由直链烷烃、甲基烷烃和烯烃组成的多组分鞑靼黏附分泌物将具有半固体、脂样的稠度，这可能为良好的可逆附着性能提供基础。
Spatially controlled in vivo sampling by contact solid phase microextraction with a non-coated silica fiber combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized for hydrocarbon profiling in tarsal adhesion secretions of four insect species (Nicrophorus vespilloides, Nicrophorus nepalensis, Sagra femorata, and Gromphadorhina portentosa) by using distinct adhesion systems, viz. hairy or smooth tarsi. For comparison, corresponding samples from tibiae, representing the general cuticular hydrocarbon profile, were analyzed to enable the statistical inference of active molecular adhesion principles in tarsal secretions possibly contributed by specific hydrocarbons. n-Alkanes, monomethyl and dimethyl alkanes, alkenes, alkadienes, and one aldehyde were detected. Multivariate statistical analysis (principal component and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analyses) gave insights into distinctive molecular features among the various insect species and between tarsus and tibia samples. In general, corresponding hydrocarbon profiles in tarsus and tibia samples largely resembled each other, both qualitatively and in relative abundances as well. However, several specific hydrocarbons showed significantly different relative abundances between corresponding tarsus and tibia samples, thus indicating that such differences of specific hydrocarbons in the complex mixtures might constitute a delicate mechanism for fine-tuning the reversible attachment performances in tarsal adhesive fluids that are composed of substances originating from the same pool as cuticular hydrocarbons. Caused by melting point depression, the multicomponent tarsal adhesion secretion, made up of straight chain alkanes, methyl alkanes, and alkenes will have a semi-solid, grease-like consistency, which might provide the basis for a good reversible attachment performance.