Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2): Pathogenesis and Interaction with the Immune System
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2): Pathogenesis and Interaction with the Immune System
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-animal-031412-103720
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Meng, Xiang-Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Meng, Xiang-Jin
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV 2）是引起猪圆环病毒相关病（PCVAD）的主要病原。该病毒优先靶向淋巴组织，导致猪的淋巴耗竭和免疫抑制。免疫刺激或与其他病原体的并发感染会加重疾病。PCV 2存在于某些免疫细胞中，如巨噬细胞和树突状细胞，并调节它们的功能。IL-10和促炎细胞因子在感染猪中的上调可能有助于发病机制。猪的遗传影响宿主对PCV 2的易感性，但病毒毒力的遗传决定因素仍不清楚。PCV 2 DNA和蛋白质与控制免疫反应的各种细胞基因相互作用，以调节病毒复制和发病机制。中和抗体和细胞介导的免疫都是重要的免疫保护相关物。尽管有有效的疫苗，但PCV 2的变异株仍在不断出现。尽管在理解PCV 2发病机制和免疫相互作用方面取得了巨大进展，但仍存在许多重要问题。
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). The virus preferentially targets the lymphoid tissues, which leads to lymphoid depletion and immunosuppression in pigs. The disease is exacerbated by immunostimulation or concurrent infections with other pathogens. PCV2 resides in certain immune cells, such as macrophage and dendritic cells, and modulates their functions. Upregulation of IL-10 and proinflammatory cytokines in infected pigs may contribute to pathogenesis. Pig genetics influence host susceptibility to PCV2, but the viral genetic determinants for virulence remain unknown. PCV2 DNA and proteins interact with various cellular genes that control immune responses to regulate virus replication and pathogenesis. Both neutralizing antibodies and cell-mediated immunity are important immunological correlates of protection. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, variant strains of PCV2 continue to emerge. Although tremendous progress has been made toward understanding PCV2 pathogenesis and immune interactions, many important questions remain.