Health-Related Stereotype Threat Predicts Health Services Delays Among Blacks.
Health-Related Stereotype Threat Predicts Health Services Delays Among Blacks.
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与健康相关的刻板印象威胁预示着黑人的医疗服务会出现延误。
DOI：
10.1007/s12552-013-9088-8
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Johnson,MarkB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jones,PaulR;Taylor,DexterM;Dampeer-Moore,Jodi;VanAllen,KatherineL;Saunders,DarleneR;Snowden,CeceliaB;Johnson,MarkB
据我们所知，尚无已发表的研究开发出健康相关刻板印象威胁（HRST）的个体差异测量方法。我们以黑人大学生为样本（N = 280），对健康领域学术刻板印象威胁的现有措施进行了调整。对由此产生的健康相关刻板印象威胁量表 24 (HRST-24) 进行了内部一致性、结构和增量有效性的评估，以及它是否解释了四种预防性健康行为（血压和胆固醇测定、体检和常规检查）自我报告延迟的差异。在调整几个控制变量后，HRST-24（满量程α = 0.96）感知到的黑人健康劣势（18个项目；α = 0.96）和感知到的医生种族偏见（6个项目；α = 0.85）子量表解释了四种行为中两种行为延迟的独特差异，包括血液胆固醇检查（p < .01）和常规检查——尽管处于边际水平 (p= .063) 就后者而言。总体而言，这些数据为 HRST-24 在黑人中的构建和增量有效性提供了初步证据。提供了管理该量表的建议，并讨论了 HRST 研究的未来方向。
To our knowledge, no published research has developed an individual difference measure of health-related stereotype threat (HRST). We adapted existing measures of academic stereotype threat to the health domain on a sample of black college students (N= 280). The resulting health-related stereotype threat scale-24 (HRST-24) was assessed for internal consistency, construct and incremental validity, and whether it explains variance in self-reported delays among four preventive health behaviors—blood pressure and cholesterol assays, physical exams, and routine checkups. After adjusting for several control variables, the HRST-24’s (full scaleα= 0.96) perceived black health inferiority (18 items;α= 0.96) and perceived physician racial bias (6 items;α= 0.85) subscales explained unique variance in delays among two of the four behaviors including a blood cholesterol check (p< .01) and routine checkup—albeit at marginal levels (p= .063) in the case of the latter. Overall, these data provide preliminary evidence of construct and incremental validity for the HRST-24 among blacks. Recommendations for administering the scale are provided and future directions for HRST research are discussed.