High-potency marijuana impairs executive function and inhibitory motor control
High-potency marijuana impairs executive function and inhibitory motor control
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.npp.1301068
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Moeller, Manfred R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramaekers, Johannes G.;Kauert, Gerhold;Moeller, Manfred R.
人体表现研究通常依赖于低效大麻（4% THC）来确定THC引起的损伤。本研究旨在评估高效大麻（13% THC）对人类表现的影响。总共有20名娱乐性大麻使用者参与了一项双盲、安慰剂对照、三向交叉研究。处理包括0、250和500 mg/kg四氢大麻酚的单剂量。在吸烟后15分钟至6小时之间定期进行性能测试，包括运动控制（关键跟踪任务）、执行功能（伦敦塔）、运动冲动性（停止信号任务）和风险承担（爱荷华赌博任务）。THC显著削弱了关键跟踪任务的表现，并减少了伦敦塔任务中正确决策的数量。此外，四氢大麻酚显著增加了停止反应时间和停止信号任务中的委托和遗漏错误比例。吸烟后THC诱导的损伤持续长达6小时，吸烟相互作用后THC x时间的缺失表明。250 μ g/kg的四氢大麻酚造成的性能损害的效应量相对较低，但在500 μ g/kg的四氢大麻酚情况下，通常会增加两倍。这些数据表明，强效大麻持续损害执行功能和运动控制。与传统上在性能研究中使用的低剂量四氢大麻酚相比，在对照研究中使用高剂量四氢大麻酚可以提供四氢大麻酚诱导损伤的可靠指示。
Human performance studies have usually relied on low-potency marijuana (4% THC) for determining THC-induced impairment. The present study was designed to assess the effects of high-potency marijuana (13% THC) on human performance. In all, 20 recreational users of marijuana participated in a double-blind, placebo controlled, three way cross-over study. The treatments consisted of single doses of 0, 250, and 500 mg/kg THC. Performance tests were conducted at regular intervals between 15 min and 6 h postsmoking and included measures of motor control (Critical tracking task), executive function (Tower of London) motor impulsivity (Stop signal task), and risk taking (Iowa gambling task). THC significantly impaired performance in the Critical tracking task and decreased the number of correct decisions in the Tower of London task. In addition, THC significantly increased stop reaction time and the proportions of commission and omission errors in the Stop signal task. THC-induced impairments lasted up to 6 h postsmoking as indicated by the absence of a THC x Time after smoking interaction. Effect sizes for performance impairments produced by THC 250 mu g/kg were relatively low but generally increased by a factor of two in case of THC 500 mu g/kg. These data suggest that high potency marijuana consistently impairs executive function and motor control. Use of higher doses of THC in controlled studies may offer a reliable indication of THC induced impairment as compared to lower doses of THC that have traditionally been used in performance studies.