Anorectal Physiology and Pathophysiology in the Elderly
Anorectal Physiology and Pathophysiology in the Elderly
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cger.2013.10.003
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rao, Satish S. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu, Siegfried W. B.;Rao, Satish S. C.
老年人面临的肛门直肠内科疾病包括大便失禁、大便嵌塞伴溢出性大便失禁、慢性便秘、排便不协调、痔疮、肛裂和盆底疾病。本文就老年人肛门括约肌形态和功能的增龄性改变、细胞和分子生物学的改变、神经递质和反射的改变及其对肛门直肠功能改变的影响等方面的最新研究进展作一综述。这些生物生理学变化对肛门直肠疾病的病理生理学有一定的意义。对功能解剖学和病理生理学有清晰的了解和工作知识将使这些疾病的适当诊断和治疗成为可能。
Anorectal medical disorders facing the elderly include fecal incontinence, fecal impaction with overflow fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, dyssynergic defecation, hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and pelvic floor disorders. This article discusses the latest advances in age-related changes in morphology and function of anal sphincter, changes in cellular and molecular biology, alterations in neurotransmitters and reflexes, and their impact on functional changes of the anorectum in the elderly. These biophysiologic changes have implications for the pathophysiology of anorectal disorders. A clear understanding and working knowledge of the functional anatomy and pathophysiology will enable appropriate diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.