A wireless millimetre-scale implantable neural stimulator with ultrasonically powered bidirectional communication
A wireless millimetre-scale implantable neural stimulator with ultrasonically powered bidirectional communication
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41551-020-0518-9
复制
发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
28.1
通讯作者：
Muller, Rikky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piech, David K.;Johnson, Benjamin C.;Muller, Rikky
临床批准的神经刺激器受到电池要求的限制，以及与刺激靶点相比它们的尺寸较大。在这里，我们描述了一种无线、无铅、无电池的植入式神经刺激器，尺寸为1.7 mm(3)，其中包括一个压电陶瓷换能器、一个储能电容器和一个集成电路。超声波链路和手持外部收发器为刺激器提供动力和双向通信。刺激协议是动态无线编码的，降低了功耗和片上内存，并通过高时间分辨率和低延迟反馈实现了协议复杂性。指示是否发生刺激的上行链路数据由刺激器通过反向散射调制进行编码，并在外部收发机处解调。当嵌入到体外猪组织中时，该集成电路有效地获取超声波能量，解码下行数据以获得刺激参数，并产生电流控制的刺激脉冲。当套上袖带并尖锐地植入麻醉大鼠的坐骨神经时，该设备在一系列生理反应中提供可重复的刺激。该小型化神经刺激器可以促进用于治疗干预的闭环神经刺激。
Clinically approved neural stimulators are limited by battery requirements, as well as by their large size compared with the stimulation targets. Here, we describe a wireless, leadless and battery-free implantable neural stimulator that is 1.7mm(3) and that incorporates a piezoceramic transducer, an energy-storage capacitor and an integrated circuit. An ultrasonic link and a hand-held external transceiver provide the stimulator with power and bidirectional communication. The stimulation protocols were wirelessly encoded on the fly, reducing power consumption and on-chip memory, and enabling protocol complexity with a high temporal resolution and low-latency feedback. Uplink data indicating whether stimulation occurs are encoded by the stimulator through backscatter modulation and are demodulated at the external transceiver. When embedded in ex vivo porcine tissue, the integrated circuit efficiently harvested ultrasonic power, decoded downlink data for the stimulation parameters and generated current-controlled stimulation pulses. When cuff-mounted and acutely implanted onto the sciatic nerve of anaesthetized rats, the device conferred repeatable stimulation across a range of physiological responses. The miniaturized neural stimulator may facilitate closed-loop neurostimulation for therapeutic interventions.