Evaluation of endothelial function by in vivo microscopy.
Evaluation of endothelial function by in vivo microscopy.
复制标题
通过体内显微镜评估内皮功能。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-59745-571-8_14
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Scalia,Rosario
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scalia,Rosario
本章描述了一种可以同时测量体内微循环中白细胞-内皮细胞相互作用和内皮一氧化氮(NO)水平的方法。该方法还可用于研究在心血管系统急、慢性炎症状态下，补充NO治疗对白细胞与血管内皮细胞黏附的影响。这一研究方法需要两种成熟的生理学技术相结合，即活体显微镜和用微电极实时测量NO。活体显微镜被认为是监测活体动物完整血管床中白细胞与内皮细胞相互作用的首选方法。体内显微镜目前用于研究携带靶基因突变或缺失的小鼠的内皮细胞表型。活体显微镜还用于研究心血管系统急性(例如，缺血-再灌注损伤)和慢性(例如，高胆固醇血症、高血糖和糖尿病)炎症状态下的内皮细胞功能。无传感器可连续、安培法定量测定细胞和器官组织中的NO水平。一氧化氮电极技术与活体显微镜的结合，最近已经能够在正常和炎症的微循环中测量一氧化氮的生物利用度。该方法可用于在体研究心血管系统的急性和慢性炎症状态如何改变内皮功能，从而导致内皮细胞的激活和损伤。
This chapter describes a method that permits simultaneous measurement of leukocyte–endothelium interactions and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) levels in the microcirculation in vivo. The method is also useful to study the effect of NO replenishing therapy on adhesion of leukocytes to the vascular endothelium in acute and chronic inflammatory states of the cardiovascular system. This research approach requires the combination of two well-established physiology techniques, that is, intravital microscopy and real-time measurement of NO with microelectrodes. Intravital microscopy is considered the method of choice to monitor leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in intact vascular beds of live animals. In vivo microscopy is currently used to study the endothelial cell phenotype of mice carrying mutations or deletion of targeted genes. Intravital microscopy is also used to study endothelial cell function in acute (e.g., ischemia-reperfusion injury) and chronic (e.g., hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, and diabetes) inflammatory states of the cardiovascular system. NO sensors allow for continuous, amperometric quantification of NO levels in cells and organ tissues. Coupling of NO electrode technology with intravital microscopy has recently permitted to measure NO bioavailability in the normal and inflamed microcirculation. The method described here can be used to study in vivo how acute and chronic inflammatory states of the cardiovascular system alter endothelial function resulting in endothelial cell activation and damage.