Increasing the size of portion options affects intake but not portion selection at a meal.
Increasing the size of portion options affects intake but not portion selection at a meal.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2015.12.023
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Rolls BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zuraikat FM;Roe LS;Privitera GJ;Rolls BJ
在大份量的环境中，允许消费者更多地控制他们的食物选择可能会缓解对能量摄入的影响。我们测试了当所有分量的大小都系统地增加时，让受试者从几个选项中选择一部分是否会影响选择或消耗的量。在交叉设计中，24名女性和26名男性在持续3周的时间里每周在实验室吃一次午餐。在每顿饭中，受试者从一组3份选项中选择一份通心粉和奶酪，然后随意食用。在三种条件下，集合中的份量增加；条件的顺序在不同受试者之间平衡。女性的体重比例为300/375/450、375/450/525和450/525/600；男性的比例要高出33%。结果表明，增加可用部分的大小对选择的相对大小没有显著影响；在所有的部分集合中，受试者在59%的餐点中选择最小的可用部分，27%的人选择中等的部分，15%的人选择最大的部分。然而，食物份量的大小确实影响了膳食摄入量(P<；0.0001)。提供最大套餐时的平均摄入量(±SEM)(661±34千卡)比提供中等和最小套餐时(均为568±18千卡)高16%。这些结果表明，这些部分是相对于其他可用选项进行选择的，并证实了部分大小对摄入量的强大影响。虽然提供选择的份量可以选择较小的量，但所提供的份量是能量摄入量的关键决定因素。因此，如果所提供的部分在适合能量需求的范围内，可供选择的食物可能有助于减少摄入量。
In an environment with large portion sizes, allowing consumers more control over their portion selection could moderate the effects on energy intake. We tested whether having subjects choose a portion from several options influenced the amount selected or consumed when all portion sizes were systematically increased. In a crossover design, 24 women and 26 men ate lunch in the lab once a week for 3 weeks. At each meal, subjects chose a portion of macaroni and cheese from a set of 3 portion options and consumed it ad libitum. Across 3 conditions, portion sizes in the set were increased; the order of the conditions was counterbalanced across subjects. For women the portion sets by weight (g) were 300/375/450, 375/450/525, and 450/525/600; for men the portions were 33% larger. The results showed that increasing the size of available portions did not significantly affect the relative size selected; across all portion sets, subjects chose the smallest available portion at 59% of meals, the medium at 27%, and the largest at 15%. The size of portions offered did, however, influence meal intake (P<0.0001). Mean intake (±SEM) was 16% greater when the largest set was offered (661±34 kcal) than when the medium and smallest sets were offered (both 568±18 kcal). These results suggest that portions are selected in relation to the other available options, and confirm the robust effect of portion size on intake. Although presenting a choice of portions can allow selection of smaller amounts, the sizes offered are a critical determinant of energy intake. Thus, the availability of choices could help to moderate intake if the portions offered are within an appropriate range for energy needs.