Time trends in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and parental educational level for 6-year-old children in Germany
Time trends in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and parental educational level for 6-year-old children in Germany
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DOI：
10.1007/s10389-006-0054-4
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Ranft, Ulrich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
du Prel, Xianming;Kraemer, Ursula;Ranft, Ulrich
本研究的目的是调查在德国统一后不断变化的社会经济条件下，德国6岁儿童暴露于环境烟草烟雾与父母教育水平之间的关系。采用Logistic回归分析儿童烟草烟雾暴露（当前环境烟草烟雾、母亲孕期吸烟、儿童出生后3年内环境烟草烟雾暴露）与父母文化程度、时间和地区的关系。在德国，6岁儿童环境烟草烟雾暴露风险与父母教育水平密切相关（比值比：>= 2“低”/“中”vs“高”父母教育水平）。在西德国，环境烟草烟雾暴露总体上呈现出约20%的下降趋势。相比之下，在东德国，环境烟草烟雾暴露仅在父母受过高等教育的儿童中有所减少。在东德国，从1991年到2000年，低和高父母教育水平之间的差距差距在当前儿童的烟草烟雾暴露方面有所增加。1991年前后，在德国的这两个地区，可以观察到怀孕期间母亲吸烟的人数又有相当大的增加。在东德国，统一后从社会主义经济制度向市场经济的过渡可能部分解释了父母教育水平较低和较高的儿童之间烟草烟雾暴露差距的扩大。
The aim of the study was to investigate the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke of 6-year-old children and parental educational level in Germany under the changing socioeconomic conditions after reunification. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure of children (current environmental tobacco smoke, maternal smoking during pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke during the first 3 years of the child's life) and the determinants parental educational level, time and region. In Germany, the risk of environmental tobacco smoke exposure among 6-year-old children was strongly associated with parental educational level (odds ratio: >= 2 'low'/ 'middle' versus 'high' parental educational level). In West Germany, environmental tobacco smoke exposure generally exhibited a decreasing trend of about 20%. In contrast, in East Germany the environmental tobacco smoke exposure was only decreasing for children of parents with higher education. The gap between low and high parental educational level with respect to current children's tobacco smoke exposure has increased from 1991 to 2000 in East Germany. A considerable fresh increase of maternal smoking during pregnancy could be observed around 1991 in both parts of Germany. In East Germany, the transition from a socialist economic system to a market economy after reunification might in part explain the increased gap of tobacco smoke exposure between children of parents with lower and higher educational levels.