A Perspective on Nanoparticle Universal Influenza Vaccines.
A Perspective on Nanoparticle Universal Influenza Vaccines.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00206
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发表时间：
2018-12-14
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wang BZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng L;Wang BZ
每年的流感感染都会造成巨大的经济损失，并对全球公共卫生构成严重威胁。季节性流感疫苗是预防流感感染的最有效手段，但仍然存在主要弱点：需要每年更新疫苗株，难以准确预测将传播的病毒，由于不匹配，耗时的鸡蛋依赖性生产，以及对流感大流行的保护效果不佳。最终的目标是找到一种可以每年使用的通用流感疫苗。研究中的一种方法是基于保守的氨基酸序列或构象表位而不是流感病毒的株特异性氨基酸序列或构象表位来设计流感疫苗免疫原。这种疫苗可以引起广泛的反应性体液和细胞免疫。通用流感疫苗的开发已经密集地采用纳米技术，因为纳米颗粒的结构和形态学特性显著地提高疫苗的免疫原性和诱导的免疫持续时间。分层蛋白纳米颗粒可以消除脱靶免疫应答的可能性，将表位整合到颗粒的不同区域以进行差异化的抗原识别和加工，并促进全面的免疫应答诱导。本文综述了有效的纳米通用流感疫苗的设计，最近发现的有助于增强免疫原性的特定纳米颗粒特征，以及临床试验的最新进展。
Annual influenza infections cause massive economic loss and pose severe threats to public health worldwide. Seasonal influenza vaccines are the most effective means of preventing influenza infections but still possess major weaknesses: requiring updating vaccine strains every year, difficulty for accurate prediction of viruses that will be circulating and low protection efficacy due to mismatching, time-consuming egg-dependent production, and ineffectiveness of protection against influenza pandemics. The ultimate quest is for a universal influenza vaccine that could be used from year to year. One approach under investigation is to design influenza vaccine immunogens based on conserved amino acid sequences or conformational epitopes, rather than strain-specific ones of influenza viruses. Such vaccines can elicit broadly reactive humoral and cellular immunity. Universal influenza vaccine development has intensively employed nanotechnology because the structural and morphological properties of nanoparticles dramatically improve vaccine immunogenicity and induced immunity duration. Layered protein nanoparticles can eliminate the possibility of off-target immune responses, integrate epitopes into different regions of the particles for differentiated antigen-recognition and processing, and facilitate comprehensive immune response induction. Herein, we reviewed the designs of effective nanoparticle universal influenza vaccines, the recent discoveries of specific nanoparticle features that contribute to immunogenicity enhancement, and recent progress in clinical trials.