Competition in online job marketplaces: towards a global labour market for outsourcing services?
Competition in online job marketplaces: towards a global labour market for outsourcing services?
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DOI：
10.1111/glob.12051
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lambregts, Bart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beerepoot, Niels;Lambregts, Bart
一种新形式的服务外包已经出现，即自由承包商的全球在线就业市场。目前，此类平台是最接近全球劳动力市场这一理念的代表，在全球劳动力市场中，无论身在何处，每个人都在争夺工作岗位。在本文中，我们将研究竞争如何在这样一个全球在线平台（即 oDesk）上体现出来。我们对选定国家的承包商的相对工资以及技能和专业知识的奖励进行了比较分析，并调查了西方国家和发展中国家之间是否通过劳动力套利发生了工资趋同。我们发现工资趋同现象很明显，但经验和技能很难转化为更好的薪酬。虽然通过全球在线市场的服务外包（或微工作）为世界各地的自由职业者提供了新的就业机会，但激烈的竞争和此类市场的固有限制限制了大多数承包商的经济收益。
A new form of service outsourcing has emerged, namely the global online job marketplace for freelance contractors. Such platforms are currently the closest proxy to the idea of a global labour market where everyone competes for jobs regardless of location. In this article, we examine how competition manifests itself on one such global online platform, namely oDesk. We present a comparative analysis of the relative wages and the rewarding of skills and expertise of contractors from selected countries and investigate whether, via labour arbitrage, wage convergence takes place between Western and developing countries. We find that wage convergence is noticeable but experience and skills hardly translate into better remuneration. While service outsourcing (or microwork) via global online marketplaces provides new employment opportunities for freelancers around the world, the intense competition and the inherent restrictions of this type of marketplace limit the financial gains for most contractors.