Genome-wide genetic changes during modern breeding of maize
Genome-wide genetic changes during modern breeding of maize
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DOI：
10.1038/ng.2312
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Lai, Jinsheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiao, Yinping;Zhao, Hainan;Lai, Jinsheng
现代玉米育种的成功表现在过去40年生产力的显著提高。然而，与这些增益相关的潜在遗传变化在很大程度上仍然未知。我们在这里报告了278个温带玉米自交系的测序，从不同阶段的育种历史，包括深重测序的4个系与已知的系谱信息。结果表明，现代育种已将高度动态的遗传变化引入玉米基因组。人工选择已经影响了包括基因和非基因区域在内的数千个靶标，导致核苷酸多样性减少，稀有等位基因比例增加。育种过程中的遗传变化发生迅速，即使在血统认同区域内也会发生广泛的变异（SNP，indels和拷贝数变异（CNV））。我们对现代玉米育种过程中遗传变化的全基因组评估为未来作物育种和生物技术提供了新的策略和实用目标。
The success of modern maize breeding has been demonstrated by remarkable increases in productivity over the last four decades. However, the underlying genetic changes correlated with these gains remain largely unknown. We report here the sequencing of 278 temperate maize inbred lines from different stages of breeding history, including deep resequencing of 4 lines with known pedigree information. The results show that modern breeding has introduced highly dynamic genetic changes into the maize genome. Artificial selection has affected thousands of targets, including genes and non-genic regions, leading to a reduction in nucleotide diversity and an increase in the proportion of rare alleles. Genetic changes during breeding happen rapidly, with extensive variation (SNPs, indels and copy-number variants (CNVs)) occurring, even within identity-by-descent regions. Our genome-wide assessment of genetic changes during modern maize breeding provides new strategies as well as practical targets for future crop breeding and biotechnology.