Naphthenic acids in coastal sediments after the Hebei Spirit oil spill: a potential indicator for oil contamination.
Naphthenic acids in coastal sediments after the Hebei Spirit oil spill: a potential indicator for oil contamination.
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DOI：
10.1021/es405034y
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Y. Wan;Beili Wang;J. Khim;Seongjin Hong;W. Shim;Jianying Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Wan;Beili Wang;J. Khim;Seongjin Hong;W. Shim;Jianying Hu
环烷酸（NAs）作为大多数石油源中的有毒成分，被怀疑是石油泄漏后水生环境中的主要污染物之一，其极性和持久性使其成为石油污染的潜在指标。然而，石油泄漏影响地区的污染和污染物的潜在影响仍然未知。为了研究溢油影响地区的NAs，首先建立了一种利用UPLC-QTOF-MS分析沉积物样品中NAs和氧-NAs的灵敏方法。然后将该方法应用于2007年12月韩国泰安河北精神石油泄漏事故后，原油、风化油和泄漏地点沉积物中的NA混合物的测定。泰安地区沉积物中na、O3-NAs和O4-NAs的浓度分别为7.8 ~ 130、3.6 ~ 44和0.8 ~ 20 mg kg(-1) dw，远高于万里浦和安明多海滩的参考点。NAs的浓度是相同沉积物样品中PAHs浓度（0.077 ~ 2.5 mg kg(-1) dw）的50 ~ 100倍，因此，NAs在溢油影响地区的生态风险值得关注。油源NAs和背景NAs的沉积剖面分别以21-35碳和12-21碳化合物为中心，表明2007年溢油形成的原油源NAs混合物具有持久性。原油风化过程中，无环NAsn=5 ~ 20比循环NAsn=21 ~ 41更容易降解，氧-NAsn=21 ~ 41与NAsn=21 ~ 41的比值可作为评价原油风化程度的新指标。总之，持久性油衍生的NAsn=21-41可以作为油特异性污染的潜在指标，因为这些化合物不会受到沿海沉积物性质的太大影响，这可能是由于沉积物对带负电荷的化合物（NAs）的高度吸附。
Naphthenic acids (NAs) as toxic components in most petroleum sources are suspected to be one of the major pollutants in the aquatic environment following oil spills, and the polarity and persistence of NAs make it a potential indicator for oil contamination. However, the contamination and potential effects of pollutants in oil spill affected areas remain unknown. To investigate NAs in oil spill affected areas, a sensitive method was first established for analysis of NAs, together with oxy-NAs in sediment samples by UPLC-QTOF-MS. Then the method was applied to determine the NA mixtures in crude oil, weathered oil, and sediments from the spilled sites after the Hebei Spirit oil spill, Taean, South Korea (Dec. 2007). Concentrations of NAs, O3-NAs, and O4-NAs were found to be 7.8-130, 3.6-44, and 0.8-20 mg kg(-1) dw in sediments from the Taean area, respectively, which were much greater than those measured in the reference sites of Manlipo and Anmyundo beaches. Concentrations of NAs were 50-100 times greater than those (0.077-2.5 mg kg(-1) dw) of PAHs in the same sediment samples, thus the ecological risk of NAs in oil spill affected areas deserves more attention. The sedimentary profiles of oil-derived NAs and background NAs centered around compounds with 21-35 and 12-21 carbons, respectively, indicating that the crude-derived NA mixtures originating from the 2007 oil spill were persistent. Acyclic NAsn=5-20 were easily degraded compared to cyclic NAsn=21-41 during the oil weathering processes, and the ratio of oxy-NAsn=21-41 relative to NAsn=21-41 could be a novel index to estimate the degree of oil weathering in sediments. Altogether, the persistent oil-derived NAsn=21-41 could be used as a potential indicator for oil-specific contamination, as such compounds would not be much affected by the properties of coastal sediments possibly due to the high sorption of the negatively charged compounds (NAs) in sediment.