Disease transmission by cannibalism: rare event or common occurrence?
Disease transmission by cannibalism: rare event or common occurrence?
复制标题
通过同类相食传播疾病：罕见事件还是常见事件？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Antonovics
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Rudolf;J. Antonovics
据记载，食人是包括人类在内的几个物种可能的疾病传播途径。然而，对这类疾病传播的动力学还不十分了解。使用一个理论模型，我们探讨如何同类相食（即杀死和消费的死同种）和种内necrophagy（即消费的死同种）影响宿主-病原体动力学。我们表明，群体吃人，即共同消费的受害者，是一个必要条件的疾病传播的食人在没有替代的传播模式。因此，主要通过同类相食传播的地方病很可能是罕见的，除非在共享同种猎物的社会有机体中。这些结果与文献综述一致，文献综述表明，尽管同类相食和营养传播非常常见，但由同类相食传播的疾病在动物中并不常见。
Cannibalism has been documented as a possible disease transmission route in several species, including humans. However, the dynamics resulting from this type of disease transmission are not well understood. Using a theoretical model, we explore how cannibalism (i.e. killing and consumption of dead conspecifics) and intraspecific necrophagy (i.e. consumption of dead conspecifics) affect host–pathogen dynamics. We show that group cannibalism, i.e. shared consumption of victims, is a necessary condition for disease spread by cannibalism in the absence of alternative transmission modes. Thus, endemic diseases transmitted predominantly by cannibalism are likely to be rare, except in social organisms that share conspecific prey. These results are consistent with a review of the literature showing that diseases transmitted by cannibalism are infrequent in animals, even though both cannibalism and trophic transmission are very common.